多发性硬化症的认知障碍

Q4 Medicine

European neurological review Pub Date : 2015-01-01 DOI:10.17925/ENR.2015.10.02.157

T. Santos, J. Pinheiro, P. Barros

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引用次数: 2

摘要

多发性硬化症(MS)是一种中枢神经系统慢性炎症性脱髓鞘疾病。虽然MS早在19世纪就已为人所知，但认知障碍(CI)直到最近30年才被认为是MS的一个重要特征。原因是，直到最近，多发性硬化症一直被认为是一种白质疾病，认知被认为完全依赖于大脑皮层。本文旨在回顾多发性硬化症中CI的患病率，危险因素，概况和诊断，影像学相关因素和治疗也将简要讨论。开放获取:本文在知识共享署名非商业性许可协议下发布，该协议允许任何非商业用途、分发、改编和复制，前提是原作者和来源必须得到适当的署名。没有收到发表这篇文章的经费。多发性硬化症(MS)是一种中枢神经系统(CNS)的慢性炎症性脱髓鞘疾病，由Jean Charcot于1868年描述。估计患病率为100 - 150/10万人，年发病率为3.5 - 7/10万例，通常出现在20-40岁。病理生理机制尚不清楚，但免疫机制似乎在疾病的发生和进展中起重要作用。认知障碍(CI)与多发性硬化症相关的研究在过去的30年里才得到深思熟虑的研究。原因是在19世纪，多发性硬化症被认为完全是一种白质(WM)疾病，认知被认为完全依赖于大脑皮层。4,5成像技术的进步使人们对皮层和皮层下网络有了更好的了解，现在人们认识到这些皮层-皮层下连接负责认知功能。本文旨在回顾多发性硬化症中CI的患病率，危险因素，概况和诊断，影像学相关因素和治疗也将简要讨论。在过去的几年中，CI已被确定为MS患者的严重合并症。根据Rao等人(6)和Amato等人(7)的研究，在引入疾病调节药物(dmd)之前，多发性硬化症的CI患病率为40 - 65%。Amato等人发现，在10年的随访期间，CI的频率从基线时的26%增加到56%。迄今为止发表的最长的纵向研究追踪了20世纪90年代早期干扰素β -1a (IFN-b1a) III期临床试验最初招募的患者18年，发现认知能力下降的比率相似(41-59…

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Cognitive Impairment in Multiple Sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system. Although MS has been known since the 19th century, cognitive impairment (CI) was only recognised as an important feature of MS over the past 30 years. The reason is that, until recently, MS was perceived exclusively as a white matter disease, and cognition was thought to depend solely on the cortex. This article aims to review the prevalence, risk factors, profile and diagnosis of CI in MS. Imaging correlates and treatment will also be briefly discussed.

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来源期刊

European neurological review Medicine-Neurology (clinical)

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