Júlia Laize Bandeira Calgaro, J. Fioresi, J. P. Velho, Fernanda Hammes Stroeher, D. R. M. Alessio, Marcos André Piuco, C. T. Weber, I. M. P. Haygert-Velho
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引用次数: 1
摘要
本研究的目的是监测位于Palmeira das Missões市和Pinhal - RS市的北里奥-大ense中地区的两个农场的牛奶质量和成分,两个畜群混合使用荷尔斯坦(70%)和泽西(30%)品种。评估以下总体参数:体况评分(BCS)、乳房脏度和产犊顺序,并测量以下乳成分:总干提取物(TDE)、脱脂干提取物(DDE)、乳糖、脂肪和蛋白质含量、酪蛋白、乳尿素氮(MUN)和体细胞计数(SCC)。进行多变量统计分析,确定了代表测量变量组合的四个因素。第一个因素是产奶量与奶牛品种、乳脂含量和乳蛋白含量呈负相关关系。第二个因子是泌乳天数与体况评分和乳蛋白含量之间的正相关关系。第三个因素与奶牛SCC评分、产犊顺序和BCS呈负相关。第四个因素是交货顺序与乳房脏度之间的正相关关系。聚类分析表明,个体奶牛可分为3类。监测奶牛的品种、产犊顺序、体况评分、泌乳天数、产奶量、脂肪、蛋白质和乳糖含量、体细胞计数和乳房脏度,可以更好地控制牛群,从而迅速纠正潜在的缺陷,并最大限度地减少生产的经济损失。
Production and composition of milk per Holstein and Jersey cow from two farms in northwest Rio Grande do Sul
ABSTRACT The aim of the present study was to monitor cow milk quality and composition in two farms in the Noroeste Rio-grandense mesoregion, located in the municipalities of Palmeira das Missões and Pinhal - RS. Both herds were mixed, with animals of the Holstein (70%) and Jersey (30%) breeds. The following overall parameters were evaluated: body condition score (BCS), udder dirtiness, and calving order, and the following milk composition factors were measured: total dry extract (TDE), defatted dry extract (DDE), milk lactose, fat, and protein contents, casein, milk urea nitrogen (MUN), and somatic cell count (SCC). Multivariate statistical analysis was performed, and four factors were identified representing combinations of the measured variables. The first factor comprised negative relationships between milk production and cow breed, milk fat content, and milk protein content. The second factor comprised the positive relationships between lactation days and body condition score and milk protein content. The third factor represented the negative relationships between milk lactose content and SCC score, calving order, and BCS. The fourth factor was composed of the positive relationship between delivery order and udder dirtiness. Cluster analysis revealed that individual cows could be categorized into three groups. Monitoring the breed, calving order, body condition score, lactation days, milk production, fat, protein, and lactose contents, somatic cell counts, and udder dirtiness in cows allows greater control of the herd, allowing potential shortcomings to be rectified quickly and economic losses to production to be minimized.