Trade-off between Energy and Delay Based on a Multi-objective Optimization Problem for Wireless Sensor Network

The advances of sensor technology and wireless communications have enabled the manufacturing of low priced, large-scale wireless sensor networks. The design of energy efficiency data forwarding protocols for WSN (wireless sensor network) is an essential component and critical determinant of the performance of WSN. However, prolonging the lifetime of WSN becomes challenging problems for sensing applications which are strict contraints on delay. It’s clearly shown that the three goals, namely minimum energy consumption, minimum delay, and uniform energy depletion, are conflicting goals. This can be explained by the following three interpretations. First, the minimum energy consumption requires transmitting the data over short distances. Second, the minimum delay requires minimizing the number of intermediate forwarders between a source and the sink. Third, if the search space of candidate forwarders is a small area, the energy depletion of sensors will be unbalanced. In contrast, if the search space of candidate forwarders is a large area, the sensors will uniformly achieve energy depletion. Habib M. Ammari proposed a data forwarding protocol to get a balance between energy and delay, called TED (trade off energy with delay). In this paper, we propose a improved data forwarding protocol based on TED, called TED+. The simulation results showed that our proposed protocol is more efficient than TED on energy and delay.