Managing geotechnical risk: time for change?

Ground-related factors have often been the cause of significant time and cost overruns on both large and small construction projects. The traditional method of controlling such risks has been through the use of thorough ground investigation and competent geotechnical design, aiming to produce a robust scheme, well-matched to the expected ground conditions. This paper reanalyses data collected over the past two decades and suggests that, particularly in view of rapidly evolving methods of construction procurement, a new risk-based approach is needed. Key elements of this approach are outlined.