红花对杂草和农作物的化感作用

IF 0.8 Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Planta Daninha Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI:10.1590/s0100-83582020380100066

M. Motamedi, H. Karimmojeni, Fatemeh G. Sini

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引用次数: 2

摘要

背景:红花(Carthamus tinctorius)等化感植物可作为田间杂草管理的天然除草剂。但目前对红花基因型化感作用潜力的研究还不够。目的:采用夹心法测定4种红花基因型对杂草(苋菜、禾锦)、作物(芝麻、小麦)和红花(红花)的化感作用。该结果可用于红花田杂草的管理，也可用于与其他作物的轮作。方法:从40个红花基因型中选择2个高化感电位基因型和2个低化感电位基因型。测定了根长、下胚轴长、茎长、鲜生物量和发芽率等生长性状。结果:红苋菜(Amaranthus sp.)对红花残留的敏感性最高，对红花残留的敏感性最低;呼罗珊(Khorasan330)和埃及(PI657800)对目标植物的抑制作用最大，克尔曼(CTNIR9)和澳大利亚(pi262424)对目标植物的抑制作用最小。pi262424分别对自发黄颡鱼、黄颡鱼和黄颡鱼的下胚轴生长有51%、18%和7%的促进作用。CTNIR9在T. aestivum和C. tinctorius中分别提高了16%和10%。在大种子种(H. spontanum, T. aestivum和C. tinctorius)中，Kerman (CTNIR9)和Australia (PI 262424)对幼苗生长有促进作用。结论:红花化感残留物对靶植物的药效与种子大小有关，种子大小较小的靶植物(苋菜)比种子较大的靶植物更易受化感残留物的影响。此外，红花残基对胚根长度的影响大于其他生长性状。[b]植物，Motamedi M, Karimmojeni H，和Sini FG。红花基因型的拮抗作用研究[j]; 2010;38: 020212334 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100066 2/8

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Allelopathic effect of Carthamus tinctorius on weeds and crops

Background: Allelopathic plants like safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) can be considered as natural herbicides for weeds management in field. But there is not enough research on safflower genotypes allelopathy potential. Objective: So in this study, allelopathic effect of the four safflower genotypes on weeds (Amaranthus sp., Hordeum spontaneum), crops (Sesamum indicum, Triticum aestivum) and on autotoxicity of Carthamus tinctorius was evaluated in bioassay using sandwich method. The results can be used in the management of weeds in safflower fields and also in the rotation with other crops. Methods: Two genotypes with high allelopathic potential and two genotypes with low allelopathic potential were selected from forty genotypes of safflower. Growth traits including radicle length, hypocotyl length, shoot length, fresh biomass weight and germination percentages were measured. Results: Results showed that Amaranthus sp. and C. tinctorius displayed the most and least susceptibility to safflower residues, respectively. Khorasan (Khorasan330) and Egypt (PI657800) had the greatest with Kerman (CTNIR9) and Australia (PI 262424) had the least inhibitory effects on target plants. PI 262424 stimulated hypocotyl growth by 51%, 18% and 7% in H. spontaneum, T. aestivum and C. tinctorius, respectively. CTNIR9 enhanced this trait by 16% in T. aestivum and 10% in C. tinctorius. In large-seeded species (H. spontaneum, T. aestivum and C. tinctorius, Kerman (CTNIR9) and Australia (PI 262424) stimulated seedling growth. Conclusion: It can be concluded that effectiveness of allelopathic residues of safflower on target plants depended on the seed size of target plant with smaller seed size (Amaranthus sp.) were more susceptible to allelopathic residues than those with larger ones. In addition radicle length was affected more than other growth traits by safflower residues. SBCPD | Planta Daninha Motamedi M, Karimmojeni H, and Sini FG. Allopathic potential of safflower genotypes Planta Daninha 2020;38:e020212334 https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-83582020380100066 2/8

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来源期刊

Planta Daninha Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Planta Daninha is a scientific journal published by the Brazilian Society of Weed Science (SBCPD - Sociedade Brasileira da Ciência das Plantas Daninhas). Papers submitted for publication must be sent through an electronic system, on http://www.scielo.br/pd. Works may be written in Portuguese, English, or Spanish, and will be accepted after being reviewed and approved by the Editorial Board. Only papers that have not been published or submitted for publication in other media will be accepted. Articles in Portuguese will be translated to English after being properly corrected and authorized by the authors. Planta Daninha has with goal to publish genuine technical-scientific papers and literature reviews from a critical perspective on Biology, weed management, and related topics.