城市固体废物收集服务工作环境风险及事故分析

Q3 Engineering

Gestao e Producao Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.1590/1806-9649.2020V28E4885

C. Ferrão, J. A. Moraes

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引用次数: 1

摘要

城市生活垃圾的异质性和体量给管理带来了困难，给环境影响、健康和公共安全带来了问题。在所有废物管理活动中，从职业角度来看，收集是最相关的活动之一，因为雇员会受到物理、化学、生物、人体工程学风险以及事故的影响。本文旨在指导公司应用多学科管理工具，以协调并作为与环境和职业安全管理相关的决策基础。因此，采用特设环境影响评估技术和RMT风险管理工具来确定城市固体废物收集部门的员工所面临的环境影响和风险。这是通过收集2017年在南巴西格兰德州7个城市运营的公司的运营、环境信息和工作安全数据来实现的。特设报告表明，地表水、地下水、土壤、气味和空气污染的环境方面产生了负面和不可逆转的环境影响。此外，对工伤事故的分析，对造成工伤事故的主要因素和伤害性质的识别，显示了工伤事故的高频率和严重程度。总共记录了60起事故，全部发生在垃圾收集者身上。其中，“玻璃器皿、玻璃纤维、刀片、小瓶、瓶子除外”13种，最常见的伤害类型是“擦伤、擦伤(浅表伤)”和“切割、撕裂、钝伤、穿刺(开放性伤)”，发生率均为22%。此外，5W2H质量管理工具的实施和行动计划的制定，被证明是评估最小化环境影响和控制工作事故的优秀工具。

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Analysis of environmental risks and accidents at work in urban solid waste collection services

abstract: The heterogeneity and the volume of solid urban waste generated daily cause difficulties in their management, which causes environmental impacts, health and public safety problems. Among all waste management activities, collection is one of the most relevant from an occupational point of view because employees are subject to physical, chemical, biological, ergonomic risks as well as suffering accident. This article aims to instruct companies to apply multidisciplinary management tools that conciliate and serve as a basis for decision making related to environmental and occupational safety management. Therefore, the Ad Hoc Environmental Impact Assessment techniques and the RMT Risk Management Tool were used to identify the environmental impacts generated and the risks to which employees in the urban solid waste collection sector are exposed. It happened through the collection of operational, environmental information and work safety data, in 2017, of companies operating in 7 (seven) municipalities in the state of Rio Grande do Sul. The Ad Hoc report showed that the environmental aspects of surface water, groundwater, soil, odor and air pollution, generate negative and irreversible environmental impacts. Furthermore, the analysis of accidents at work, the identification of the major agents that cause accidents at work and the nature of injuries, showed their high frequency and severity. In total 60 accidents were recorded and all occurred with garbage collectors. Among these, 13 had as causative agents “glassware, fiberglass, blade, except vial, bottle” and the most recurrent types of injuries were “excoriation and abrasion (superficial wound)” and “by cutting, laceration, blunt wound, puncture (open wound)”, both with 22% of occurrence, which generate work leave. Furthermore, the elaboration of Action Plans and application of the 5W2H Quality Management tool proved to be excellent tools for assessments regarding the minimization of environmental impacts and the control of accidents at work.

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来源期刊

Gestao e Producao Engineering-Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

44 weeks

期刊介绍： Gestão & Produção is a journal published four times a year year (March, June, September and December) by the Departamento de Engenharia de Produção (DEP) of Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar). The first issue of Gestão & Produção was published in April, 1994. Actually, G&P was result of experience of professors of DEP/UFSCar in editing, in the beginning, "Cadernos DEP" in the 1980s, followed by "Cadernos de Engenharia de Produção". The last three issues of "Cadernos de Engenharia de Produção" were a test previous to the launch of Gestão & Produção because most of the journal characteristics were already established, like regularity.