The health crisis (covid-19) in the world: impacts on governance systems and societal behavior

and c) the Others, all the others who emerge, who try to make a place for themselves (the UAE who try to place themselves in the conquest of space for example), to obtain a voice (or a way), but also those who struggle in the vagaries of development and “emancipation” that they fear while hoping for; all those Others who did not believe in the pandemic or saw it as an invention to control social movements. But this crisis will also have shown, very fortunately, the strength of dedication and individual and collective abnegation of those who fight evil, day and night, by exposing themselves and without counting their time. The covid 19 pandemic is not, however, the first to hit the world. There have been many more as deadly, if not more; the bubonic plague which reappeared in 1320 in Mongolia, however, remained endemic in the East, India and China. It appeared in the West in 1347, brought in by Genoese sailors fleeing Caffa, and caused the deaths of 25 to 40 million Europeans. Remember that Caffa was a Genoese city at the ends of Europe at the end of the 15th century. This work recalls the major global health cr ises and their consequences on societal changes. We try to ask angry questions and sometimes get answers to them.