认知加工是语音变化和社会模式之间的桥梁

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2014-02-01 DOI:10.1515/lp-2014-0001

J. Harrington, M. Stevens

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引用次数: 7

摘要

本特刊中的七篇论文来自于2012年5月在德国Kloster Seeon举行的第二届声音变化研讨会。研讨会的目的是将科学家聚集在一起，从许多不同的学科角度探讨声音变化及其与言语共时变化的关系，我们认为这对于理解这种复杂的关系是必要的。本期特刊的出版物反映了这一广度，涵盖了儿童言语对声音变化的影响、方言接触、社会差异、协同发音变化、模仿等广泛的问题。这些研究利用了几种语言(汉语普通话、英语、德语、高棉语、韩语、西班牙语)，并采用了不同的实验技术来研究共时变化和历时变化，包括舌头的超声波测量(Lin等人)、多语言语料库的声学和感知分析(Beckman等人)、结合空气动力学变化的感知分析的口腔和鼻腔气流测量(Sole)和计算建模(Kirby)。到目前为止，在文献中很容易区分产生健全变化的条件与那些与其在社区中传播有关的条件(例如，Ohala 1993)。第一个问题中的一个经典问题是音位化(Hyman 1976)，它通常与语音信号中提示音位区分的多种特征解析方式的变化同步相关。本期特刊的四篇论文讨论了这个问题。在Kirby的研究中，当喉音特征(主要是基本频率)和/或声音开始时间取代颤音时，就会出现语音化现象，例如高棉语金边口语化中的/kru:， ku:/。这种变化的语音基础很可能是基本频率的下降

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Cognitive processing as a bridge between phonetic and social models of sound change

The seven papers in this special edition are derived from the 2nd Workshop on Sound Change held at Kloster Seeon, Germany, in May 2012. The purpose of the workshop was to bring together scientists approaching the question of sound change and its relationship to synchronic variation in speech from many different disciplinary perspectives that we believe are necessary for understanding this complex relationship. The publications in this special issue are a reflection of this breadth and cover a wide range of issues, such as the influence on sound change of child speech, dialect contact, social differences, coarticulatory variation, and imitation. The studies draw upon several languages (Mandarin Chinese, English, German, Khmer, Korean, Spanish) and employ diverse experimental techniques for relating synchronic variation and diachronic change, including ultrasound measurements of the tongue (Lin et al.), acoustic and perceptual analyses of multilingual corpora (Beckman et al.), measurements of oral and nasal airflow in combination with the perceptual analysis of aerodynamic variation (Sole), and computational modelling (Kirby). It has been convenient in the literature so far to draw a distinction between the conditions that give rise to sound change as opposed to those that are concerned with its spread through the community (e.g., Ohala 1993). A classic issue within the first of these is phonologization (Hyman 1976), which can often be related synchronically to a change in the way that the multiple features which cue a phonological distinction are parsed in the speech signal. Four papers in this special issue address this issue. In Kirby’s study, phonologization arises when laryngeal features (primarily fundamental frequency) and/or voice onset time take over from a trill in distinguishing pairs such as /kru:, ku:/ in the colloquial Phnom Penh variety of Khmer. The phonetic basis of this change is likely to be a drop in fundamental frequency

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.