捷克共和国国内生产总值与空气污染的脱钩:趋势分析和背后的政策故事

IF 0.5 Q4 ENGINEERING, ENVIRONMENTAL
P. Sauer, Alena Hadrabová, Jaroslav Kreuz
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引用次数: 4

摘要

现在的捷克共和国在1918年之前还是奥匈帝国的一部分时就已经工业化了。在两次世界大战期间,经济结构没有太大变化。1948年至1989年,发展重工业也是共产党政府经济政策的优先事项。1990年以后,经济结构在转型过程中发生了变化,但原有产业仍然占主导地位。这种结构加上依赖于低质量煤炭的能源基础,造成了严重的空气污染问题。相对较新的1990年以前GDP的长期综合数据系列提供了一个机会,可以使用解耦模型来分析主要的空气污染物——二氧化硫、氮氧化物和微粒,其中二氧化碳是气候变化的贡献者之一。结果看起来很不寻常,因为它们显示自20世纪80年代以来已经出现了一些转折点,随后自90年代以来出现了重大改善,特别是在过渡时期。本文还回顾了不同历史时期的空气质量政策。讨论表明,尽管社会发生了重大变化,但在国家的整体历史中,一些环境政策模式是“路径依赖的”。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Decoupling of GDP and air pollution in the Czech Republic: trend analysis and policy story behind
What is now the Czech Republic was industrialised already when the territory was part of the Austrian-Hungarian Empire before 1918. The economic structure did not change much in the period between the two World Wars. Developing heavy industry was also a priority of the communist government's economic policy in 1948-1989. The economic structure changed during the transition process after 1990, but the pre-existing industries still dominate today. This structure together with the energy resource base, depending on low-quality coal, causes significant air pollution problems. Relatively recently elaborated long-term series of consolidated data on the GDP before 1990 offer an opportunity for using decoupling models to analyse major air pollutants - SO2, NOx and particulates with CO2 as one of the contributors to climate change. The results look unconventional as they show some turning points already since the 1980s, followed by major improvements since the 1990s, especially during the transition period. The paper also reviewed the air quality policies during the different historical periods. The discussion has shown that, despite significant social changes, some modes of environmental policy are 'path-dependent' in the country's overall history.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
66
期刊介绍: IJETM is a refereed and authoritative source of information in the field of environmental technology and management. Together with its sister publications IJEP and IJGEnvI, it provides a comprehensive coverage of environmental issues. It deals with the shorter-term, covering both engineering/technical and management solutions.
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