校车座位间距对6岁儿童碰撞防护的影响

Q4 Engineering

International Journal of Vehicle Safety Pub Date : 2015-04-10 DOI:10.1504/IJVS.2015.068687

Peijun Ji, Qing Zhou

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引用次数: 1

摘要

中国的新校车管理条例于2012年生效。中国法规和美国法规的主要区别在于，中国要求系安全带，而在美国，座椅靠背是国家法规中唯一要求的乘员约束。美国国家公路交通安全管理局(NHTSA)使用不同的假人研究了校车座椅间距对乘员保护的影响，但没有发现一致的趋势。本研究采用有限元模型建立了校车约束模型，研究了正面碰撞载荷下座椅间距对6岁儿童假人保护的影响，并比较了系上安全带和不系上安全带的情况。假人的运动学和损伤参数读数表明，对于不系安全带的情况，较小的座位间距导致较低的HIC，而对于系安全带的情况，适当选择的座位间距可以将HIC降至最低。座椅间距对胸部加速度的影响较小，而安全带和不带安全带对胸部加速度的影响更为显著。

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Influence of school bus seat spacing on crash protection of six–year olds

The new school bus regulations of China took effect in 2012. A main difference between the Chinese regulations and the US regulations is that lap belt is required in China, while in the USA, the seatback, to which child collides, is the only occupant restraint required by the state regulations. Seat spacing's effect on occupant protection on school bus was studied by NHTSA using different dummies, but no consistent trend was found. In this study, using finite element modelling, a school bus restraint model is developed, and under frontal impact loading, effects of seat spacing on six–year–old dummy protection are studied and lap–belted and no–lap–belt cases are compared. Kinematics and injury parameter readings of the dummy show that, for non–belted cases, smaller seat spacing results in lower HIC, while for belted cases, properly chosen seat spacing can minimise HIC. For chest acceleration, seat spacing has little effect while belt or no–belt has more prominent effect.

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来源期刊

International Journal of Vehicle Safety Engineering-Automotive Engineering

CiteScore

0.30

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The IJVS aims to provide a refereed and authoritative source of information in the field of vehicle safety design, research, and development. It serves applied scientists, engineers, policy makers and safety advocates with a platform to develop, promote, and coordinate the science, technology and practice of vehicle safety. IJVS also seeks to establish channels of communication between industry and academy, industry and government in the field of vehicle safety. IJVS is published quarterly. It covers the subjects of passive and active safety in road traffic as well as traffic related public health issues, from impact biomechanics to vehicle crashworthiness, and from crash avoidance to intelligent highway systems.