突发公共卫生事件中沟通不确定性:系统综述

IF 6.3 Q1 COMMUNICATION
P. Sopory, Ashleigh M. Day, J. Novak, Kenneth David Eckert, Lillian Wilkins, D. Padgett, J. Noyes, Fatima Barakji, Juan Liu, Beth N. Fowler, Javier Guzman-Barcenas, Anna Nagayko, J. J. Nickell, Damecia Donahue, K. Daniels, T. Allen, Nyka Alexander, Marsha L. Vanderford, G. Gamhewage
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引用次数: 23

摘要

在突发公共卫生事件期间,向公众受众、风险社区和利益攸关方传达不确定性的最佳方式是什么?我们对英语和其他联合国语言(阿拉伯文、中文、法文、俄文和西班牙文)的已发表研究、灰色文献和媒体报道进行了系统回顾。扫描了近11500个标题和摘要,从中选择了46个基于数据的初级研究,这些研究分为四个方法流:定量比较组;Quantitative-descriptive调查;定性的;混合方法和案例研究。研究特征(研究方法、国家、紧急情况类型、紧急情况阶段、高危人群)和研究结果(以叙述形式)是从个别研究中提取的。研究结果在方法流中进行了综合,并对其确定性和置信度进行了评估。接下来,这些方法内的发现被跨方法流合成,以形成一个总体的发现综合。调查结果显示,国家覆盖主要集中在亚洲、欧洲、北美和大洋洲的高收入和中等收入国家,报道最多的事件是传染病,其次是洪水和地震。调查结果还表明,突发公共卫生事件期间的不确定性是一个多方面的概念,包含多个组成部分(例如,事件发生、个人和家庭安全、恢复工作)。普遍的共识是,除了一些例外,向公众传达的信息应该包括关于事件不确定性的明确信息,这些信息必须是一致的,并以易于理解的格式呈现。此外,与事件相关的不确定性要求区分不确定性信息和不确定性经验。风险人群在经历事件不确定性的同时,他们的生活中由于贫困已经经历了许多其他不确定性。专家、政策制定者、卫生保健工作者和其他利益相关者经历事件的不确定性,并对一些不确定性信息(如事件概率)产生类似于公众的误解。媒体专业人员在事件信息相互矛盾和不一致的情况下提供事件报道,这可能会增加所有人的不确定性体验。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Communicating Uncertainty During Public Health Emergency Events: A Systematic Review
To answer the question, What are the best ways to communicate uncertainties to public audiences, at-risk communities, and stakeholders during public health emergency events? we conducted a systematic review of published studies, grey literature, and media reports in English and other United Nations (UN) languages: Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian, and Spanish. Almost 11,500 titles and abstracts were scanned of which 46 data-based primary studies were selected, which were classified into four methodological streams: Quantitative-comparison groups; Quantitative-descriptive survey; Qualitative; and Mixed-method and case-study. Study characteristics (study method, country, emergency type, emergency phase, at-risk population) and study findings (in narrative form) were extracted from individual studies. The findings were synthesized within methodological streams and evaluated for certainty and confidence. These within-method findings were next synthesized across methodological streams to develop an overarching synthesis of findings. The findings showed that country coverage focused on high and middle-income countries in Asia, Europe, North America, and Oceania, and the event most covered was infectious disease followed by flood and earthquake. The findings also showed that uncertainty during public health emergency events is a multi-faceted concept with multiple components (e.g., event occurrence, personal and family safety, recovery efforts). There is universal agreement, with some exceptions, that communication to the public should include explicit information about event uncertainties, and this information must be consistent and presented in an easy to understand format. Additionally, uncertainty related to events requires a distinction between uncertainty information and uncertainty experience. At-risk populations experience event uncertainty in the context of many other uncertainties they are already experiencing in their lives due to poverty. Experts, policymakers, healthcare workers, and other stakeholders experience event uncertainty and misunderstand some uncertainty information (e.g., event probabilities) similar to the public. Media professionals provide event coverage under conditions of contradictory and inconsistent event information that can heighten uncertainty experience for all.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
4
审稿时长
16 weeks
期刊介绍: Review of Communication Research will publish an annual volume with comprehensive and authoritative reviews of the current state of the main topics and the most significant developments in the field of Communication. These comprehensive critical reviews will summarize the latest advances in the field, but also will root out errors and will provoke intellectual discussions among scholars. The journal seeks both evaluative (theorical) and quantitative (meta-analysis) papers that make a state of the art of issues in scientific communication. Integrative review articles that connect different areas of research are of special interest.
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