Review of remediation methods and practical application of bioremediation in the elimination of hydrocarbon contamination

Due to the widespread availability of petroleum derivatives, they are the most common cause of soil and water pollution. Physical, chemical and biological methods are used to remove hydrocarbon pollution. Comparing the abovementioned methods, it can be stated that the biological ones are currently the most commonly used in the liquidation of hydrocarbons contaminating the soil and water environment, not only in the in-situ remediation process (in the place of contamination), but also in ex-situ remediation (the removal of contaminated soil from the site contamination and further processing in the recovery process). The biological method associated with physical methods was used to eliminate pollution of post-industrial land contaminated due to unsuitable oil management both during its existence and after the end of industrial activity in the area. For the soil and earth remediation, biopreparation based on indigenous microorganism was used. During the remediation process, the decrease in the hydrocarbon content and the effectiveness of the biopreparation used was observed.