气候变化对塞尔维亚混合低地橡树林的影响

D. Stojanović, T. Levanič, B. Matović, A. Bravo‐Oviedo
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引用次数: 14

摘要

气候变化和恶劣的环境条件可能导致森林活力丧失,甚至死亡。这就是为什么在2011年和2012年非常干燥的年份之后,为了解决影响一些有梗橡树(Quercus robur L.)和土耳其橡树(Quercus cerris L.)林分的严重枯死,2013年在塞尔维亚北部的混合栎林进行了更多的卫生砍伐作业。研究人员将树木年代学技术应用于同一林分采集的两种栎树,以研究温度、降水和地下水位对森林生长的影响,并调查枯死的潜在原因。从t值(5.68 ~ 14.20)和Gleichlaufigkeit系数(76% ~ 82%)来看,两种栎树的年轮格局差异不显著,说明两种栎树的生态差异不显著。在径向增量上,有花序栎树和土耳其栎树对环境变量的响应相似。简单Pearson相关分析表明,在3个基本环境变量(月平均气温、月降水量和月平均水位(代表地下水位))中,多瑙河5月水位和4月气温与4个树种的生长均有统计学相关性:(i)有花序的活栎树,(ii)有花序的死栎树,(iii)活栎树和(iv)死栎树,1961-2010年(p<0.05, n=60)。在萨瓦河流域,纯有花序栎林的生长已经观察到类似的现象。多瑙河水位的长期下降可能与气候变化以及水管理、河床和土地利用的变化有关。随着气温的升高,水位的下降及其在土壤中的潜在不可利用性,对多瑙河流域的混合栎林造林构成了严峻的挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Climate change impact on a mixed lowland oak stand in Serbia
Climatic changes and bad environmental conditions may lead to forests vitality loss and even mortality. This is the reason why increased sanitary felling operations were performed in mixed oak forests in northern Serbia in 2013 in order to solve the severe dieback which affected some Pedunculate oak ( Quercus robur L.) and Turkey oak ( Quercus cerris L.) stands, after the very dry years 2011 and 2012. Dendrochronological techniques were applied to both these oak species collected in a stand, to examine the impact of temperature, precipitation and ground water level on forest growth and investigate the potential causes of the dieback. Differences in tree-ring patterns between surviving and dead trees were not significant according to t-value (from 5.68 to 14.20) and Gleichlaufigkeit coefficient (from 76% to 82%), this meaning no distinctive responses of the two ecologically different oak species. As for radial increment, pedunculate and Turkey oak trees showed a similar response to environmental variables in this mixed stand. The Simple Pearson’s correlation analysis, which was conducted, showed that among three basic environmental variables (the mean monthly air temperature, the monthly sum of precipitation and the mean monthly water level, proxy of ground water level), the water level of Danube river in May and the temperature in April were statistically related to the growth of the four tree groups: (i) pedunculate oak vital, (ii) pedunculate oak dead, (iii) Turkey oak vital and (iv) Turkey oak dead trees, for the period 1961-2010 (p<0.05, n=60). Similar phenomena had already been observed in the Sava River basin for the growth of pure pedunculate oak forests. The long-term decline of the Danube River water level may be related to climate variations and to the changes of water management, river bed, as well as land-use. Together with the increase of temperature, this decline of the water level, and its potential unavailability in the soil, represents a serious challenge for the mixed oak forests silviculture in the Danube basin.
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来源期刊
Annals of Silvicultural Research
Annals of Silvicultural Research Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Forestry
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2.70
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