越南人有OC *-r的证据吗?

Q2 Arts and Humanities
Mark J. Alves
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引用次数: 2

摘要

研究汉语历史音韵学的专家声称,一些以/-j/结尾的越南语单词来自以*-r结尾的古汉语单词。这是合理的推测,因为原始南亚语的韵母*-r和*-l在越南语中成为韵母/-j/,与汉语中的情况类似。然而,这些越南词几乎没有提供OC *-r的证据。越南语确实借用了一些东汉或更晚时期的古汉语晚期或中古汉语早期的词,在*-r与*-n合并后,以*-r结尾重建,因此这些词在越南语中也有/-n/。其他几个以/-j/结尾的越南语单词可能来自带有*-r的古汉语单词,这些词在公元前早期被借用,可能在大量说汉语的人到达之前。这些词包括动词和一个形容词,在没有大型双语社区的情况下,这些词比名词更不可能被借用。数量较少的单词和普遍的不确定性表明,一些带有/-j/的越南单词据称来自带有*-r的古汉语单词,可能是偶然的相似之处。很少有可能是那个时期的汉语外来词。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Does Vietnamese have evidence for OC *-r?
Specialists in Chinese historical phonology have claimed that some Vietnamese words with final /-j/ come from Old Chinese words with final *-r. This is reasonable to speculate as Proto-Austroasiatic finals *-r and *-l became final /-j/ in Vietnamese, parallel to the case in Sinitic. However, these Vietnamese words offer little evidence for OC *-r. Vietnamese did borrow a number of Late Old Chinese or Early Middle Chinese words reconstructed with final *-r after *-r merged with *-n in Eastern Han or later, and thus these words also have /-n/ in Vietnamese. Several other Vietnamese words with final /-j/ which are possibly from Old Chinese words having *-r were borrowed earlier in the BCE period, likely before large migrations of Sinitic speakers arrived. Those words include verbs and an adjective, words less likely than nouns to be borrowed without large bilingual communities. The small number of words and general uncertainty suggests some Vietnamese words with /-j/ purportedly from Old Chinese words with *-r may be chance similarities. Few are probable Chinese loanwords from that period.
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来源期刊
Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale
Cahiers de Linguistique Asie Orientale Arts and Humanities-Language and Linguistics
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
11
期刊介绍: The Cahiers is an international linguistics journal whose mission is to publish new and original research on the analysis of languages of the Asian region, be they descriptive or theoretical. This clearly reflects the broad research domain of our laboratory : the Centre for Linguistic Research on East Asian Languages (CRLAO). The journal was created in 1977 by Viviane Alleton and Alain Peyraube and has been directed by three successive teams of editors, all professors based at the CRLAO in Paris. An Editorial Board, composed of scholars from around the world, assists in the reviewing process and in a consultative role.
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