PSYCHOSES

THE various intelligence tests in the main are closely similar and the varied personality tests on the whole tally although there are certain discrepancies. In some respects in the personality tests the twins differ distinctly, particularly when the quality of their reactions is taken into consideration. One appeared to be more extraverted and sociable, somewhat better adjusted, somewhat self-assertive and rather independent. The other was decidedly less extraverted, and according to two tests even somewhat introverted and less well adjusted. The differences of the personalities appeared to be differences of degree rather than of kind. Graphology does not claim that it can improve upon the diagnosis of intelligence based on the standardized tests; but it is felt that the analysis of the handwriting has supplemented the findings of the emotional tests. A younger brother seems less similar to either twin than the twins to each other; but as he grows older he may become more similar to his twin brothers than his tests at the age of 16 and his writing at the age of 15 would indicate. On the whole the case suggests-as in fact did the majority of other cases of identical twins reared apart-that there is a greater similarity in intelligence than in emotional reactions. C. S. R.