Ultrasound of the Peripheral Nerves

The most common disorders affecting peripheral nerves that are amenable to US examination are illustrated in Chapter 126, including compressive neuropathies, polyneuropathies, nerve injuries, tumors, and tumorlike lesions. There is an expanding evidence base to support the use of high-resolution US as an imaging tool to evaluate the peripheral nervous system. However, the highly operator-dependent nature and level of technical expertise required to perform an adequate US assessment of peripheral neuropathies means that appropriate training and an in-depth knowledge of anatomy and clinical findings are required. A careful US approach with thorough understanding of soft tissue planes and extensive familiarity with anatomy are prerequisites for obtaining reliable information regarding these types of examinations.