为可靠的种间比较,量化现存灵长类动物的眼形态

IF 2.1 0 LANGUAGE & LINGUISTICS
J. García
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引用次数: 12

摘要

交叉检验来自比较形态学的证据已经成为支持社会认知中特定假设的一种方式。尤其值得一提的是,为了证明人类具有独特的视觉形态,从而具有一系列独特的社会认知功能,包括在语言能力的习得和实践中起着至关重要的作用,研究人员对现存灵长类动物的眼形态进行了比较。尽管其中一些比较依赖于眼部形态的可量化维度,但其他方面的比较是基于主观评价而定性建立的。在这篇文章中,我提出了一种新的方法,旨在将注意力集中在眼睛形态的一个特定感知方面,即巩膜和虹膜颜色之间的对比,因为它被认为能够(或缓解)其他个体的目光跟随。该方法还允许对现存灵长类物种进行更可靠的比较,因为它依赖于可量化的测量。我用三种类人猿(pygmaeus, Pongo abelii和Homo sapiens)的三倍比较来举例说明这种方法的潜力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Quantifying ocular morphologies in extant primates for reliable interspecific comparisons
Cross-examining evidence from comparative morphology has become a way to support specific hypotheses in social cognition. In particular, ocular morphology has been compared across extant primate species in order to argue that humans present a unique morphology that enables also an uniquely human array of socio-cognitive functions—including a crucial role in the acquisition and practice of linguistic abilities. Even though some of these comparisons have relied on quantifiable dimensions of ocular morphology, other aspects of the comparison have been established qualitatively, based on subjective ratings. In this article, I present a new method that intends to restrain the focus of attention to one specific perceptual aspect of ocular morphology—namely, the contrast between scleral and iridal colors, as it is thought to enable (or ease) gaze following from other individuals. The method also allows for more reliable comparisons across extant primate species, as it relies on quantifiable measurements. I exemplify the potential of this method with a three-fold comparison of three great ape species ( Pongo pygmaeus , Pongo abelii , and Homo sapiens ).
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来源期刊
Journal of Language Evolution
Journal of Language Evolution Social Sciences-Linguistics and Language
CiteScore
4.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
8
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