未平方广场或抗议与当代公众

Q2 Social Sciences
S. Drucker, G. Gumpert
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引用次数: 1

摘要

25年前,我们开始批判公共广场作为社会互动和抗议的场所。随着社会功能向可控的私人空间转移,我们观察到城市和公共空间的恐惧、不信任、衰败和遗弃。汽车、空调的绝缘特性以及通过电信设备超越本地站点的能力提供了将生活引入新的复杂配置的选择。我们哀叹城市的衰落和“无城市”的兴起:毫无生气的、荒凉的、安全的、可预测的和无聊的千篇一律的集合被称为郊区蔓延,尤其是在美国,但也存在于欧洲的城市和郊区设计和发展中。村庄广场,社区广场,慢慢地开始恶化,有时甚至消失,迷失在千篇一律的条形商场中。传统的公共空间,无论是正式的市中心公共空间还是融入社区的非正式聚会场所,曾经有助于促进社会互动和社区意识,开始消失。广场、城市广场、公园、市场、公共场所和商场、公共绿地,所有提供社会空间的地方——人类互动和抗议的潜在场所——在数量和功能上都在减少。我们注意到,公共空间的公民功能与媒体技术竞争,媒体技术将互动转向内部,远离不可预测的公共接触或身体威胁。随后,一名突尼斯水果小贩在一个公共广场自焚,这引发了抗议活动,最终推翻了突尼斯、埃及和利比亚的独裁者,动摇了叙利亚、也门和巴林的政权,并导致远至中国的互联网接入受到打压。抗议活动蔓延到亚洲和欧洲,最终随着“占领华尔街”运动的诞生而蔓延到美国。在开罗的解放广场、雅典的宪法广场、莫斯科的革命广场和纽约的祖科蒂公园(仅举几例)发生的事件使公共场所再次成为公民生活的最前沿,并恢复了革命的象征。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Unsquared Square or Protest and Contemporary Publics
Twenty-five years ago we began a critique of the public square as a site of social interaction and protest. We observed fear, distrust, decay, and the abandonment of cities and public space as social functions shifted to controllable private spaces. The automobile, the insulating character of air conditioners, and the ability to transcend local sites through telecommunication devices offered options siphoning life into new and complex configurations. We lamented the fall of the city and the rise of the “none-city”: the lifeless deserted, safe, predictable and boring collection of sameness known as suburban sprawl, particularly as found in the United States, but also present in European urban and suburban design and development. The village square, the community square, slowly began to deteriorate, sometimes even disappear, lost in the proliferation of strip malls of sameness. Traditional public spaces, be they formal downtown civic spaces or informal gathering spots integrated into neighborhoods, that once helped promote social interaction and a sense of community, began to disappear. Plazas, town squares, parks, marketplaces, public commons and malls, public greens, all places that provide social space—potential sites of human interaction and protest—decreased in number and function. We noted the civic functions of public space competed with media technology that shifts interaction inward, away from less predictable public contacts or corporeal threat. Then a Tunisian fruit vendor set himself on fire in a public square serving as a catalyst for protests that would bring down dictators in Tunisia, Egypt, and Libya, shake regimes in Syria, Yemen, and Bahrain, and lead to a crackdown on Internet access as far away as China. Protests spread to Asia and Europe and eventually to the United States with the birth of the Occupy Wall Street movement. The events in Tahrir Square (Freedom or Liberty Square) in Cairo, Syntagma Square in Athens, Revolution Square in Moscow, and Zuccotti Park in New York (to name a few) have catapulted public places into the forefront of civic life once again and restored symbols of revolution.
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来源期刊
First Amendment Studies
First Amendment Studies Social Sciences-Law
自引率
0.00%
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期刊介绍: First Amendment Studies publishes original scholarship on all aspects of free speech and embraces the full range of critical, historical, empirical, and descriptive methodologies. First Amendment Studies welcomes scholarship addressing areas including but not limited to: • doctrinal analysis of international and national free speech law and legislation • rhetorical analysis of cases and judicial rhetoric • theoretical and cultural issues related to free speech • the role of free speech in a wide variety of contexts (e.g., organizations, popular culture, traditional and new media).
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