The Manganese Shortfall in Russia

The status of Russia's access to manganese—a vital ferroalloy raw material—upon the disintegration of the USSR is examined. Russian manganese reserves are assessed from the perspective of ore quality and quantity in light of the disruption of once-steady supply relationships, current demand for manganese ferroalloys in the Russian steel industry, the capacity (or lack of same) of Russian ferroalloy plants to produce various manganese ferroalloys, the impact of modernization in Russian ferrous metallurgy on manganese consumption, and other factors that could affect Russian manganese demand in the future. 10 references.