2019冠状病毒病下的德国水产养殖——2020年疫情对该行业的影响

IF 1.5 4区 农林科学 Q3 FISHERIES
Lina-Marie Huber, T. Lasner
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引用次数: 1

摘要

这项研究揭示了德国政府为控制冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2而实施的限制给德国水产养殖业带来的挑战和可能性。通过专家访谈、利益相关者陈述和对德国养鱼户的调查结果,我们提供了对2020年限制引发的分销、成本和营业额发展的见解。调查显示,大流行对一大群生产者的业务产生了影响:44%的养鱼户报告生产过程受到干扰,46%的养鱼户销售下降,受限制的美食部门对79%的销售产生了负面影响。另一方面,15%的受访者能够比2019年销售更多,27%的受访者直接向消费者扩大销售。然而,绝大多数人(78%)并不认为Covid-19大流行的影响是德国水产养殖的主要挑战。根据获得的见解,我们在三种情况下估计了Covid-19限制对典型德国养鱼场的经济影响,与2019年相比,息税前利润的变化范围为- 10%至+8%。通过这种方式,获得的洞见为银行业抵御外部冲击的能力提供了宝贵的经验。在这些情景中,缺乏垂直整合和对批发的依赖导致了财务挑战。另一方面,这些情景证明,具有直销结构和多样化分销渠道的养鱼场对外部冲击具有更高的抵御能力:在全球化市场上经常被视为弱点的德国水产养殖的小规模结构证明是一种优势。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
German aquaculture under Covid-19 – impacts of the pandemic on the sector during 2020
This study sheds light on challenges and possibilities for the German aquaculture sector resulting from the restrictions imposed by the German government to contain the Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. By presenting results of expert interviews, stakeholder statements and a survey among German fish farmers, we provide insights into distribution, cost and turnover developments trigged by the restrictions in 2020. The survey shows that the pandemic had an impact on the business of a large group of producers: 44% of the fish farmers reported disturbed production processes, 46% experienced a decline in sales and the restricted gastronomy sector impacted negatively on the sales of 79%. On the other hand, 15% of the respondents were able to sell more than in 2019, 27% expanded their sales directly to the consumers. Nevertheless, a great majority (78%) did not perceive the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic as the main challenge of German aquaculture. Based on the gained insights, we estimated the economic impacts of the Covid-19 restrictions on typical German fish farms under three scenarios with EBIT changes ranging from −10% to +8% compared to 2019. In that way, the gained insights teach valuable lessons on the sector's resilience to external shocks. During the scenarios a lack of vertical integration and a dependency on wholesale led to financial challenges. On the other hand, the scenarios attest fish farms with direct marketing structures and diversified distribution channels a higher resilience to external shocks: the small-scale structure of the German aquaculture that was often seen as a weakness on a globalised market proved to be an advantage.
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来源期刊
Aquatic Living Resources
Aquatic Living Resources 农林科学-海洋与淡水生物学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
10
审稿时长
>24 weeks
期刊介绍: Aquatic Living Resources publishes original research papers, review articles and propective notes dealing with all exploited (i.e. fished or farmed) living resources in marine, brackish and freshwater environments. Priority is given to ecosystem-based approaches to the study of fishery and aquaculture social-ecological systems, including biological, ecological, economic and social dimensions. Research on the development of interdisciplinary methods and tools which can usefully support the design, implementation and evaluation of alternative management strategies for fisheries and/or aquaculture systems at different scales is particularly welcome by the journal. This includes the exploration of scenarios and strategies for the conservation of aquatic biodiversity and research relating to the development of integrated assessment approaches aimed at ensuring sustainable and high quality uses of aquatic living resources.
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