Supporting Families as They Transition Home

For families who are leaving the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) or other intensive care and going home with their child, the transition is often accompanied by intense and complex emotions. NICU discharge readiness for infants reflects attainment of physiological maturity. However, discharge readiness for parents is defined as the masterful attainment of technical skills and knowledge, emotional comfort, and confidence with infant care at the time of discharge. Discharge preparation is the process of facilitating comfort and confidence as well as the acquisition of knowledge and skills to successfully transition home. A comprehensive approach to discharge/transition planning that includes psycho-social support and a focus on the caregiver–child relationship offers families the support they need and deserve at a critical time in their lives. After discharge, follow-up should occur in a medical home and be supported by the wide range of programs and services available to babies and families when they leave the NICU or other intensive care unit. It is important for hospital and community programs to establish strong relationships with each other and to be knowledgeable about each other's systems and services so that families can experience a safe and smooth transition home.