La frequenza delle anomalie dentarie nei pazienti affetti da cheilognatopalatoschisi

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to investigate dental abnormalities in children with cleft lip and palate (CLP) in order to identify the most prevalent anomalies and the teeth most frequently affected.

Materials and methods

We analyzed orthopanoramics X-rays (OPT), computed tomography Dental Scans, clinical records, and dental casts from 18 consecutive patients (10 boys, 8 girls; mean age 11.2 years, range: 6 to 18), with CLP (complete or incomplete, mono- or bilateral) and recorded the presence of the following anomalies: supernumerary teeth, agenesis, shape and size anomalies, ectopic and dystopic eruptions, rotations and retained teeth.

Results

The most frequent abnormalities were: agenesis (prevalence: 22.5%), ectopic and dystopic eruption (19.3%), rotations (17.7%), shape and size anomalies (16.1%), and retained teeth (14.5%). The most frequently affected teeth were the lateral (45.1%) and central incisors (32.2%), the cuspids (14.5%), and the second bicuspid (6.4%). Lateral incisors were usually missing (39.2%) or retained (21.4%), while central incisors were more often rotated (50%) or deformed (25%). The cuspids were ectopic (66.6%) or retained (23%), while the bicuspids were missing (25%), retained (25%), or presented alterations in number (25%) or shape/size (25%).

Conclusions

Each subject presented at least one dental anomaly. This high frequency indicates that identification of these anomalies is fundamental for appropriate management of cleft lip and palate.