Lidocaína intravenosa en el tratamiento del dolor posmastectomía: ensayo clínico aleatorizado, encubierto, placebo controlado

Background and objective

Postoperative pain treatment in mastectomy remains a major challenge despite the multimodal approach. The aim of this study was to investigate the analgesic effect of intravenous lidocaine in patients undergoing mastectomy, as well as the postoperative consumption of opioids.

Methods

After approval by the Human Research Ethics Committee of the Instituto de Medicina Integral Prof. Fernando Figueira in Recife, Pernambuco, a randomized, blind, controlled trial was conducted with intravenous lidocaine at a dose of 3 mg/kg infused over one hour in 45 women undergoing mastectomy under general anesthesia. One patient from placebo group was

Results

Groups were similar in age, body mass index, type of surgery, and postoperative need for opioids. Two of 22 patients in lidocaine group and 3 of 22 patients in placebo group requested opioid (P = .50). Pain on awakening was identified in 4/22 of lidocaine group and 5/22 of placebo group (P = .50); in the post-anesthetic recovery room in 14/22 and 12/22 (P = .37) of lidocaine and placebo groups, respectively. Pain evaluation 24 h after surgery showed that 2/22 and 3/22 patients (P = .50) of lidocaine and placebo groups, respectively, complained of pain.

Conclusion

Intravenous lidocaine at a dose of 3 mg/kg administered over a period of an hour during mastectomy did not promote additional analgesia compared to placebo in the first 24 h, and has not decreased opioid consumption. However, a beneficial effect of intravenous lidocaine in selected and/or other therapeutic regimens patients can not be ruled out.