从过渡时代推断的平流层Brewer - Dobson环流的分布特征

IF 1.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOCHEMISTRY & GEOPHYSICS
Wang Wei-guo, Yang Fang-yuan, Wang Hao-yue, Y. Tao, Y. Ke, LI Shu-kun, Fan Wen-Xuan
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引用次数: 7

摘要

平流层和对流层中微量气体的时空分布特征受布鲁尔-多布森环流的影响。了解BD环流的分布特征对进一步研究平流层和对流层交换的影响以及预测全球气候变化具有重要意义。BD环流被描述为拉格朗日平均环流,它很难直接从气象观测中诊断出来。利用1979-2011年12时(UTC)的ERA-Interim再分析资料,利用变换欧拉平均(TEM)方程和垂直方向上的剩余经向速度积分方法,分析了BD环流的时空分布特征。进一步将双相环流的分布特征与DC(向下控制)原理计算的结果进行了比较,研究了平流层纬向平均温度与双相环流的关系。利用1979-2011年的ERA-Interim再分析数据,对垂向剩余经向速度进行积分,计算出BD环流。结果表明,BD环流上升中心随季节变化。12月- 2月(DJF)在平流层30°S方向上升,6月- 8月(JJA)在25°N - 30°N之间上升。冬季环流型强于夏季环流型。3 ~ 5月(MAM)和9 ~ 11月(SON)上升中心位于赤道~ 5°N之间,两半球环流相对对称。北半球热带和温带质量通量最大出现在DJF期间,最小出现在JJA期间。南半球温带地区的质量通量正好相反。热带和温带地区100 hPa和50 hPa气压面的质量通量呈减少趋势,且随季节变化明显。平流层纬向平均温度的长期趋势与BD环流的长期减弱趋势一致,表明全球BD环流已经减弱。同时,不同海拔和纬度的纬向平均气温随季节而变化。从全球物质运输的角度看,近33年来平流层BD环流减弱,特别是在平流层中下层,这与气温的长期趋势一致。这种减弱的趋势与平流层空气的观测结果和其他模式的结果一致。但DC原理方法、GCMs模式等研究表明,平流层BD环流在过去几年有所增强。使用不同的方法和数据会使BD循环的趋势估计不可靠。因此,需要进一步的研究来改进这种估计。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Distribution Characters of the Stratospheric Brewer‐Dobson Circulation Inferred from Era‐Interim
The spatial-temporal distribution characters of trace gases in the stratosphere and troposphere are affected by the Brewer-Dobson (BD) circulation. Understanding the distribution characters of the BD circulation is very important for further studying the influence of stratosphere and troposphere exchange and forecasting the global climate change. The BD circulation is described as the Lagrangian-mean circulation, which is difficult to diagnose directly from meteorological observations. The methods of the transformed Eulerian-mean (TEM) equations and integrating residual meridional velocity in the vertical were used to analyze the spatial-temporal distribution characters of the BD circulation based on the ERA-Interim reanalysis data at 12:00 UTC for 1979–2011. We further compared the distribution characters of BD circulation with the result calculated by the method of DC (Downward Control) principle and studied the relationship between the stratospheric zonal mean temperature and BD circulation. The BD circulation was calculated using ERA-Interim reanalysis data for 1979–2011 by integrating residual meridional velocity in the vertical direction. The results show that the ascending centers of BD circulation varied with seasons. It ascended at 30°S in the stratosphere from December to February (DJF), while from June to August (JJA) it ascended between 25°N and 30°N. The circulation pattern in the winter hemisphere was stronger than the summer hemisphere. In March to May (MAM) and September to November (SON), the ascending centers were between equator to 5°N, and circulation were relatively symmetric between the two hemispheres. The maximum mass flux in the tropical and extratropical northern hemisphere appeared during DJF, and the minimum appeared during JJA. The mass flux in the extratropical southern hemisphere was just the opposite. Mass flux across the 100 hPa and 50 hPa pressure surface in the tropical and extratropical areas tended to decrease, and also varied obviously with the changing of season. The long-term trend of stratospheric zonal mean temperature was consistent with the long-term weakening trend of BD circulation, which indicates that the global BD circulation has been weakened. Meanwhile, the zonal mean temperature at different altitudes and latitudes varied with seasons. From the perspective of the global mass transportation, the stratospheric BD circulation has been weakened in the past 33 years, especially in the middle and lower stratosphere, which was consistent with the long-term trend of temperature. This weakened trend was consistent with the observations of stratospheric air and other model results. But the method of DC principle, GCMs model and other studies show that the stratospheric BD circulation has been enhanced in the past years. Using different methods and data would make the trend estimation of BD circulation unreliable. Therefore, further research is required to improve this estimation.
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来源期刊
地球物理学报
地球物理学报 地学-地球化学与地球物理
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
28.60%
发文量
9449
审稿时长
7.5 months
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