Closed-form angle estimation of unresolved targets in monopulse radar to counter the angular electronic attack

Typical monopulse radar cannot detect the angle of two closely-spaced targets in one resolution cell. The authors propose a closed-form technique to estimate the angle of two unresolved targets by using a single snapshot of four radar receiver channels. In this work, phase comparison and amplitude comparison problems for monopulse radar are resolved. The monopulse radar angle estimation system has been enhanced using the diagonal difference channel. Using a single pulse, this technique can accurately determine the angle and amplitude of the deceptive decoy and the real target. If both targets have the same direction, the proposed scheme cannot detect them; therefore, to estimate the angle of such targets, we used an additional antenna. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by comparing the exact solutions and simulations.