Onno C Meijer, Sander Kooijman, Jan Kroon, Elizabeth M Winter
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The importance of the circadian trough in glucocorticoid signaling: a variation on B-flat.
Glucocorticoid hormones are essential for health, but overexposure may lead to many detrimental effects, including metabolic, psychiatric, and bone disease. These effects may not only be due to increased overall exposure to glucocorticoids, but also to elevated hormone levels at the time of the physiological circadian trough of glucocorticoid levels. The late Mary Dallman developed a model that allows the differentiation between the effects of overall 24-hour glucocorticoid overexposure and the effects of a lack of circadian rhythmicity. For this, she continuously treated rats with a low dose of corticosterone (or "B"), which leads to a constant hormone level, without 24-hour overexposure using subcutaneously implanted pellets. The data from this "B-flat" model suggest that even modest elevations of glucocorticoid signaling during the time of the normal circadian trough of hormone secretion are a substantial contributor to the negative effects of glucocorticoids on health.
期刊介绍：
The journal Stress aims to provide scientists involved in stress research with the possibility of reading a more integrated view of the field. Peer reviewed papers, invited reviews and short communications will deal with interdisciplinary aspects of stress in terms of: the mechanisms of stressful stimulation, including within and between individuals; the physiological and behavioural responses to stress, and their regulation, in both the short and long term; adaptive mechanisms, coping strategies and the pathological consequences of stress.
Stress will publish the latest developments in physiology, neurobiology, molecular biology, genetics research, immunology, and behavioural studies as they impact on the understanding of stress and its adverse consequences and their amelioration.
Specific approaches may include transgenic/knockout animals, developmental/programming studies, electrophysiology, histochemistry, neurochemistry, neuropharmacology, neuroanatomy, neuroimaging, endocrinology, autonomic physiology, immunology, chronic pain, ethological and other behavioural studies and clinical measures.
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