Limitations of Trainings in Cross-Cultural Competence - The Practitioner Perspective.

Introduction: Objective: Trainings in cross-cultural competence1 are of increasing importance for psychotherapists in order to provide adequate mental health care for patients with a migration background. Yet, little is known about practitioners´ perspectives on working with migrants. Method: Problem-centered interviews with 30 practitioners offering psychotherapy within the German mental health care system have been analyzed using Grounded Theory Methodology to get an insight into practitioners´ experiences with cross-cultural work. Results: Practitioners have to deal with strong feelings of insecurity in their cross-cultural work. Feelings of insecurity were influenced by practitioners' underlying cultural concepts, how specific they perceived the cross-cultural contact to be and how they saw themselves in their professional role as psychotherapists. Interestingly, the analysis shows that trainings in cross-cultural competence which mainly convey "culture specific" knowledge on a rather theoretical level might even increase practitioners' feelings of insecurity. Conclusions: Conventional teaching formats in cross-cultural competence might not provide psychotherapists with sufficient space to reflect on their insecurities, their "cultural concepts", and their expectations of themselves in their professional role. Therefore, other settings are required. Dealing with practitioners' perceived lack of knowledge in the context of culture could be an effective starting point to deal with cross-cultural insecurities.