Possibilities of mapping neotectonic elements based on the interpretation of space images: A study of Fergana Depression

For the current geological mapping of individual territories, remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) technologies are widely used. Taking the Fergana depression as an example, this paper aims to determine the possibilities of using remote sensing materials for mapping structural and geomorphological elements. Landsat-8 satellite imagery obtained on 11 spectral channels was used to highlight the decoding features. Fault zones, lineament zones, various uplifts, depressions, and structural material complexes of different ages were identified. Based on the in-depth analysis of geological and geophysical data, a geological schematic map of the Fergana depression was developed. Using geological landscape and automated methods for deciphering space images, the main neotectonic elements of the Fergana depression were identified: the southern step, northern marginal slope, central graben-syncline, flexure-fault zones, local anticlinal zones, individual uplifts/depressions, and local shear zones. The results show a neotectonic map of the study area, which can be used as a tectonic basis for prospecting, seismic zoning mapping, and geological engineering development.