视觉短期记忆中模态特异性分心的来源和机制

IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Tom Mercer, R. Shaw, Luke P Fisher
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引用次数: 0

摘要

摘要编码后出现的不相关的、分散注意力的输入可能会扰乱视觉短期记忆和工作记忆。已知与原始记忆相似的干扰因素会产生干扰,但尚不清楚不同的干扰因素是否具有相同的干扰效果。不同分心的存在对于基于相似性的干扰的观点来说是有问题的,因此本研究使用了一种程序来研究特定模态的分心,该程序要求参与者在一段时间内比较单个目标和探测对象。在目标和探针分离的延迟过程中,可能会出现不相关的干扰物,但它与目标的相似性不同。在四个实验中,即使干扰物与目标高度不同,识别也会因干扰物的存在而中断。此外,当在整个实验中重复使用相同的干扰物时,干扰效应并没有减少,而来自不同干扰物的干扰只有在非常可预测的情况下才会减少。这些发现表明,对不同分心的易感性是视觉短期记忆的一个持续限制。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sources and mechanisms of modality-specific distraction in visual short-term memory
ABSTRACT Visual short-term and working memory can be disrupted by irrelevant, distracting input occurring after encoding. Distractors similar to the original memory are known to be interfering, but it is unclear whether dissimilar distractors have the same disruptive effect. The presence of dissimilar distraction would be problematic for views of similarity-based interference, hence the present study investigated modality-specific distraction using a procedure that required participants to compare single target and probe objects over a delay. An irrelevant distractor could be presented during the delay separating the target and probe, but it varied in its similarity to the target. In four experiments, recognition was disrupted by the presence of a distractor, even when the distractors were highly dissimilar to the target. Furthermore, the interference effect was not reduced when the same distractors were repeatedly used throughout the experiment, and interference from dissimilar distractors was only lessened when it was extremely predictable. These findings indicate that susceptibility to dissimilar distraction is a persistent limitation in visual short-term memory.
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来源期刊
VISUAL COGNITION
VISUAL COGNITION PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
4.20
自引率
10.00%
发文量
29
期刊介绍: Visual Cognition publishes new empirical research that increases theoretical understanding of human visual cognition. Studies may be concerned with any aspect of visual cognition such as object, face, and scene recognition; visual attention and search; short-term and long-term visual memory; visual word recognition and reading; eye movement control and active vision; and visual imagery. The journal is devoted to research at the interface of visual perception and cognition and does not typically publish papers in areas of perception or psychophysics that are covered by the many publication outlets for those topics.
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