对间充质干细胞治疗的关注

Mahsa Haseli, A. Esmaeili
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引用次数: 0

摘要

尊敬的编辑,多能干间充质基质细胞(MSC),由于其治疗疾病的潜力,在过去的30年里,由于其免疫抑制特性和组织再生能力而受到了相当大的关注。1,2在20世纪70年代,Friedenstein和同时代人在研究骨基质后,对其产生了兴趣。3 MSCs是细胞治疗的优秀候选者,因为它具有向骨的内在分化潜力,软骨和脂肪细胞以前在其他细胞中没有发现。它们也可以很容易地在体外分离和扩增,并产生大量有用的生长因子和细胞因子。2,4间充质干细胞已成为临床应用的首选干细胞类型,并取得了令人鼓舞的结果。5,6近年来干细胞研究取得了重大进展。MSCs的主要治疗作用现在归因于分泌因子刺激体内损伤组织中的几种先天修复过程以及免疫调节反应。因此,MSC治疗有望在人类疾病中获得临床应用。6,7然而,在MSC可用于人类临床治疗之前,有一些关键问题需要解决,这将有助于确定作为治疗方法给予患者的细胞的效率,其中最重要的是免疫抑制特性。8,9 MSCs可能受到肿瘤支持的影响,这些支持可能会影响MSCs移植后潜在的肿瘤发生,包括不同的供体和组织、不一致的方案、不同的剂量和不同的输注模式,以及控制MSCs在靶位点行为的机制。10,11由于其独特的特征,干细胞无疑是治疗许多疾病的巨大希望。关于MSC治疗的潜在长期风险,正在进行更多的研究。然而,额外的研究也将对干细胞生物学及其移植做出重大贡献。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Concerns About Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy
Dear Editor, Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), because of their potential for treating diseases, have gained considerable attention over the past 30 years for their immunosuppressive properties and tissue regeneration capabilities.1,2 This grew into an interest in the 1970s by Friedenstein and contemporaries after studying the bone m ar row.3 MSCs are an excellent candidate for cell therapy because of having intrinsic differentiation potentials into bone, cartilage and fat cells not found previously in other cells. They can also be isolated and expanded easily in vitro, and produce abundant useful growth factors and cytokines.2,4Mesenchymal stem cells have become the top used stem cell type for clinical application with encouraging results.5,6 Significant progress has been made in stem cell research in recent years. The main therapeutic effects of MSCs are now attributed to the stimulation of several innate repair processes in injured tissues in vivo by secreted factors as well as the immunomodulation response. Therefore, MSC therapy is expected to find clinical application in human diseases.6,7 However, there are some critical issues that need to be addressed before MSCs can be used for clinical therapy in humans which will help determine the efficiency of cells administered to the patients as a therapeutic approach, most important of which is immunosuppressive properties.8,9 MSCs can be affected by tumor support that may affect potential tumorigenesis after MSCs transplantation, including different donors and tissues, inconsistent protocols, varying dosages and differing transfusion patterns, and mechanisms that control the behavior of the MSCs at the target site.10,11 Because of their unique features, stem cells are undoubtedly a great hope for the treatment of many diseases. More research is developing on the potential long-term risks associated with MSC therapy. However, Additional studies would also be a major contribution to stem cell biology in general as well as their transplantation.
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