霍普维尔丘群的亚氨岩化石来源及其意义

IF 0.4 Q1 Arts and Humanities
G. Colvin, N. Landman
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引用次数: 1

摘要

1891年至1892年,在俄亥俄州罗斯县的Middle Woodland Hopewell丘群的25号丘中发现了数千件文物,其中有一块白垩纪的舟状菊石化石。我们已经将菊石鉴定为Hoploscaphites brevis,这是一种著名且研究充分的索引化石,用于将北美洲西部内陆的上白垩纪沉积物细分为生物地层带。该物种在北美的分布范围仅限于北部大平原的部分地区,霍普维尔丘群标本的可能来源于南达科他州彭宁顿县的Sage Creek地区。这个化石的可能来源区域与查尔斯·威洛比在19世纪末提出的一致。人种学信息和考古数据,包括与25号丘同期的遗址,都表明菊石化石在北方大平原的人们中非常珍贵,因为它们能治病,并在狩猎、战争和其他努力中取得成功。相反,来自东部林地文化的民族学信息和考古数据都表明,菊石化石在东部林地人中没有同样的吸引力。这一信息和其他信息表明,霍普维尔丘群菊石化石是通过与生活在其起源地区的人们的互动间接获得的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ammonite Fossil from the Hopewell Mound Group: Source and Significance
Among the thousands of artifacts recovered in 1891–1892 from Mound 25 of the Middle Woodland Hopewell Mound Group in Ross County, Ohio, is a Cretaceous scaphitid ammonite fossil. We have identified the ammonite as Hoploscaphites brevis, a well-known and well-studied index fossil used to subdivide the Upper Cretaceous deposits of the western interior of North America into biostratigraphic zones. The North American extent of this species is limited to parts of the Northern Great Plains, with the probable source of the Hopewell Mound Group specimen being the Sage Creek area in Pennington County, South Dakota. This probable source area for the fossil is consistent with that proposed by Charles Willoughby in the late 1800s. Both ethnological information and archaeological data, including from sites contemporaneous with Mound 25, indicate that ammonite fossils were highly prized among the people of the Northern Great Plains for curing the sick and bringing success in hunting, war, and other endeavors. Conversely, both ethnological information and archaeological data from Eastern Woodland cultures indicate ammonite fossils did not have the same allure among Eastern Woodland people. This and other information suggest that the Hopewell Mound Group ammonite fossil was indirectly procured through interaction with people living in the area where it originated.
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