Street Vitality: What Predicts Pedestrian Flows and Stationary Activities on Predominantly Residential Chinese Streets, at the Mesoscale?

The presence of pedestrians is definitory for street vitality. This study employs statistical and geospatial analyses to explore how built environment factors explain changes in “pedestrian flows” and “stationary activities” on fifteen street segments in Shanghai, at a mesoscale. Detailed indicators were collected through field surveys, behavioral mappings, and counting. Changes in “pedestrian flows” are distinguished from those in “stationary activities”. Synergies reinforcing the latter emerged between small commerce, residential entrance gates, and buildings aligned to the street. Road widths show negative correlations with stationary activities, contradicting China’s modern street planning practice. Corresponding recommendations for design and planning are provided.