萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲水下和漂浮水生植被的生态学和生态系统影响

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Mairgareth Christman, S. Khanna, J. Drexler, M. Young
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在过去20年中,旧金山河口上游的非原生水生植被大幅增加,主要是由于一些淹没和漂浮的水生植物物种的爆炸性生长。其中一些物种充当生态系统工程师,创造有利于它们进一步生长和扩张的条件,并为其他生物改变栖息地。在过去的十年里,许多研究调查了水生植被物种的扩张和转变模式;植被对生态系统健康、水质和栖息地的影响;以及特定物种或群落对碳和沉积物动力学等物理过程的影响。采用综合方法来评估过去几年所学到的知识,揭示了水生植物物种和群落对萨克拉门托-圣华金三角洲生态系统的重要性。水生植被影响着物理和生物环境的方方面面,是景观中的生态系统工程师。此外,它们的影响在空间和时间上不断变化,留下了许多悬而未决的问题,即水生植被对三角洲生态系统的全面影响,以及随着物种分布的变化和新物种的引入,未来可能会产生什么影响。剩余的知识差距是我们理解水生大型植物对三角洲生态系统影响的基础,包括它们在营养和营养循环、蒸散和水预算、碳和沉积物方面的作用和关系,以及对鱼类及其栖息地的新影响。本文探讨了我们目前对主要水生植物群落的淹没和漂浮水生植被(SAV和FAV)生态学的理解,观察到的变化模式,水生植被与物理环境之间的相互作用,以及这些因素如何影响旧金山河口上游的生态系统服务和损害。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Ecology and Ecosystem Impacts of Submerged and Floating Aquatic Vegetation in the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta
Substantial increases in non-native aquatic vegetation have occurred in the upper San Francisco Estuary over the last 2 decades, largely from the explosive growth of a few submerged and floating aquatic plant species. Some of these species act as ecosystem engineers by creating conditions that favor their further growth and expansion as well as by modifying habitat for other organisms. Over the last decade, numerous studies have investigated patterns of expansion and turn-over of aquatic vegetation species; effects of vegetation on ecosystem health, water quality, and habitat; and effects of particular species or communities on physical processes such as carbon and sediment dynamics. Taking a synthetic approach to evaluate what has been learned over the last few years has shed light on just how significant aquatic plant species and communities are to ecosystems in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. Aquatic vegetation affects every aspect of the physical and biotic environment, acting as ecosystem engineers on the landscape. Furthermore, their effects are constantly changing across space and time, leaving many unanswered questions about the full effects of aquatic vegetation on Delta ecosystems and what future effects may result, as species shift in distribution and new species are introduced. Remaining knowledge gaps underlie our understanding of aquatic macrophyte effects on Delta ecosystems, including their roles and relationships with respect to nutrients and nutrient cycling, evapotranspiration and water budgets, carbon and sediment, and emerging effects on fish species and their habitats. This paper explores our current understanding of submerged and floating aquatic vegetation (SAV and FAV) ecology with respect to major aquatic plant communities, observed patterns of change, interactions between aquatic vegetation and the physical environment, and how these factors affect ecosystem services and disservices within the upper San Francisco Estuary.
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来源期刊
San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science
San Francisco Estuary and Watershed Science Environmental Science-Water Science and Technology
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
24
审稿时长
24 weeks
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