SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF SUPRA CONDYLAR HUMERAL FRACTURE IN CHILDREN MANAGED BY CLOSED REDUCTION AND PERCUTANEOUS PINNING: REVIEW ARTICLE

Background: Supracondylar fracture of the humerus is the second most frequent types of bone injury in children. For treatment of this fracture, closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, and open reduction and internal fixation were two common managements for supracondylar fracture of the humerus. Objective: To review systemically the efficacy of different pin configurations in management of supra condylar humeral fracture in children. Materials and methods: This was a systematic review about supra condylar humeral fracture in children managed by closed reduction and percutaneous pining. The search was conducted by using the databases: MEDLINE, Cochrane library and Google Scholar, PubMed, using the following keywords: "supracondylar, humerus, children, pinning," for published studies from 2010-2020. Result: The carrying angle loss was measured in three studies, 2 used lateral divergent pinning and showed excellent in about 96.6%, good (6.67%), and 1 used medio-lateral entry pin showed excellent (43.75%), good (50%), poor (6.25%), and this showed that lateral divergent pinning had better. As regard mean loss in elbow, extension was 2.4 in lateral divergent pinning, 8.2 in medio-lateral entry pin, 1.7 in lateral pin trans olecranon, and mean Baumann angle loss was 1.3 in lateral divergent pinning, 2.45 in medio-lateral entry pin 4.3 in infrafocal pin. Conclusion: Our review after studying the four type of pinning fixations we found that lateral divergent pinning had better outcome and lower complications. Hence, lateral divergent pinning is the favored procedure.