El subempleo en la estructura productiva y social de la provincia de Tungurahua - Ecuador

The present study seeks to explain the relationship between underemployment and the productive and social structure in the province of Tungurahua. By means of a purification of the statistical information, it is also intended to describe the dynamics of the productive and social structure during the 2007-2017 period. In addition, an econometric model will be estimated to determine the incidence of the primary, secondary and tertiary productive sectors in underemployment levels. A descriptive analysis was carried out through econometric modeling to identify the relationship between the social structure and the underemployment of the province of Tungurahua. The methodology consisted of dynamizing reliable data of statistical tables of the study variables, in the period 2007-2017. The data were extracted from the information base of the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC), Central Bank of Ecuador and SICE. For the estimation, the data were analyzed according to linearity parameters such as Ramsey RESET in the Fisher distribution, contrasts of non-linearity by quadratic equations, contrasts of non-linearity by logarithms and normality of residuals test. Different contrasts were applied to the model and the presence of significance of the dependent variable was concluded with the following indicators: Tertiary productive sector of the economy, qualification to education, qualification to the public health service and confidence in the police.