模拟非正常飞行甲板环境下航空决策模型对飞行员情景意识和认知负荷的影响

IF 1 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, APPLIED
Qinbiao Li, Hei Chi Leung, Man Him Ho, Ka Lok Leung, K. Ng, Cho Yin Yiu
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要目的研究在非正常飞行环境下,使用不同的决策模型对飞行员表现的影响。背景一旦飞机面临紧急情况,机长必须迅速做出适当的决定。通常情况下,人为失误是事故的主要原因之一,不可避免地会影响船长的决策进度。方法10名参与者进行了一个标准的非正常情景(货物烟雾)。每个参与者都有模拟经验,并使用三种不同的决策模型执行三个会话:DOGAM、DECIDE和CLEAR。每次会议结束后,使用情景意识评级技术(SART)和NASA-TLX对情景意识(SA)和感知工作量进行评估。还完成了一次深入访谈,以了解他们对决策的主观看法。结果尽管CLEAR在SART和NASA-TLX得分方面优于其他模型,但它们在工作量和SA方面的表现具有可比性。DOGAM的固定时间最长,其他两种模型没有显著差异。主观上,决策可能需要高心理需求,同时处理大量信息和测量重大变化,而DOGAM可能鼓励参与者遵循自己的想法,促进积极的决策。结论本文阐明了将决策模型纳入驾驶舱的重要性,并研究了相对可行的决策模型。我们的结果表明,应用不同的决策模型来训练飞行员并解决问题,从而提高飞行安全性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Effects of Aeronautical Decision-Making Models on Student Pilots’ Situational Awareness and Cognitive Workload in Simulated Non-Normal Flight Deck Environment
ABSTRACT Objective This paper investigates the effects of using different decision-making models on pilots’ performance while facing non-normal flight circumstances. Background The captain must quickly make appropriate decisions once an aircraft faces emergency. Usually, human error is one primary cause of accidents, which inevitably affects the captain’s decision progress. Method Ten participants carried out a standard non-normal scenario (cargo smoke). Each participant is equipped with simulation experience and executed three sessions using three different decision models: the DOGAM, DECIDE, and CLEAR. After each session, the situation awareness (SA) and perceived workload were assessed using the Situational Awareness Rating Technology (SART) and NASA-TLX. An in-depth interview was also completed to comprehend their subjective perception of decision-making. Results Although the CLEAR outperformed the other models in SART and NASA-TLX scores, their performance regarding workload and SA was comparable. The fixing time of DOGAM was the longest, and the other two models were no significant difference. Subjectively, the DECIDE may require a high mental demand by simultaneously processing lots of information and measuring significant changes, whilst the DOGAM may encourage participants follow their own idea, promoting aggressive decisions. Conclusion This paper clarifies the importance of incorporating decision models into the cockpit and investigates the relatively feasible decision-making model. Variation across our results illustrated applying different decision models to train pilots and solve problems is suggested, thereby improving flight safety.
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CiteScore
2.80
自引率
7.70%
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