{"title":"调整:17至21世纪修复与保护文献综述","authors":"Eva Hummert","doi":"10.1515/res-2019-0018","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract From the first half of the seventeenth century until the beginning of the twentieth century resizing was common practice after each aqueous treatment to replace the loss of original sizing, but it is used much less frequently today. As already described in early sources, resizing in modern conservation practice still serves three main purposes: increasing mechanical stability, modifying the surface texture of abraded papers by decreasing their surface roughness and consolidating loosened fibres and preparing the paper substrate for inpainting. Today’s practice, however, differentiates more carefully between an improvement in mechanical stability and increased resistance to physical and chemical degradation processes. While previously almost exclusively protein glues were used for resizing, today gelatine and cellulose ethers are among the most commonly used sizing agents. The solution concentrations used for resizing have significantly decreased: gelatine is used in 0.5 % (w/v) to 1 % (w/v) solutions today, while historic literature recommends 1.6 % (w/v) to 3.5 % (w/v) protein glues. Concerning application techniques, mainly immersion, closely related to tub sizing used during paper manufacture and local or overall brush applications were used for historic sizing. Spraying, which was introduced at the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century, is recommended for resizing drawings to prevent friable media from being smudged.","PeriodicalId":21154,"journal":{"name":"Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.7000,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/res-2019-0018","citationCount":"2","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Resizing: A Brief Review of Restoration and Conservation Literature from the 17th to the 21st Century\",\"authors\":\"Eva Hummert\",\"doi\":\"10.1515/res-2019-0018\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"Abstract From the first half of the seventeenth century until the beginning of the twentieth century resizing was common practice after each aqueous treatment to replace the loss of original sizing, but it is used much less frequently today. As already described in early sources, resizing in modern conservation practice still serves three main purposes: increasing mechanical stability, modifying the surface texture of abraded papers by decreasing their surface roughness and consolidating loosened fibres and preparing the paper substrate for inpainting. Today’s practice, however, differentiates more carefully between an improvement in mechanical stability and increased resistance to physical and chemical degradation processes. While previously almost exclusively protein glues were used for resizing, today gelatine and cellulose ethers are among the most commonly used sizing agents. The solution concentrations used for resizing have significantly decreased: gelatine is used in 0.5 % (w/v) to 1 % (w/v) solutions today, while historic literature recommends 1.6 % (w/v) to 3.5 % (w/v) protein glues. Concerning application techniques, mainly immersion, closely related to tub sizing used during paper manufacture and local or overall brush applications were used for historic sizing. Spraying, which was introduced at the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century, is recommended for resizing drawings to prevent friable media from being smudged.\",\"PeriodicalId\":21154,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Restaurator. International Journal for the Preservation of Library and Archival Material\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2019-09-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/res-2019-0018\",\"citationCount\":\"2\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Restaurator. 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Resizing: A Brief Review of Restoration and Conservation Literature from the 17th to the 21st Century
Abstract From the first half of the seventeenth century until the beginning of the twentieth century resizing was common practice after each aqueous treatment to replace the loss of original sizing, but it is used much less frequently today. As already described in early sources, resizing in modern conservation practice still serves three main purposes: increasing mechanical stability, modifying the surface texture of abraded papers by decreasing their surface roughness and consolidating loosened fibres and preparing the paper substrate for inpainting. Today’s practice, however, differentiates more carefully between an improvement in mechanical stability and increased resistance to physical and chemical degradation processes. While previously almost exclusively protein glues were used for resizing, today gelatine and cellulose ethers are among the most commonly used sizing agents. The solution concentrations used for resizing have significantly decreased: gelatine is used in 0.5 % (w/v) to 1 % (w/v) solutions today, while historic literature recommends 1.6 % (w/v) to 3.5 % (w/v) protein glues. Concerning application techniques, mainly immersion, closely related to tub sizing used during paper manufacture and local or overall brush applications were used for historic sizing. Spraying, which was introduced at the beginning of the second half of the twentieth century, is recommended for resizing drawings to prevent friable media from being smudged.
期刊介绍:
Restaurator is the only international periodical specializing exclusively in the conservation of library and archive materials. Articles examine the many important aspects of this subject area, such as technology, practical experience and organization. They also focus on scientific basics: Many articles deal with the development of new preservation techniques and the improvement and better understanding of established methods. The articles are written in English with summaries in English, French and German. By reading Restaurator regularly, librarians, archivists and restorers can keep up to date with the latest research and developments. The editorial committee is made up of experts from well-known institutions and organizations from all over the world