{"title":"边界封闭的内陆:亚美尼亚的出海问题","authors":"T. Zakaryan","doi":"10.1080/23761199.2021.1922866","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Closed borders have enormously detrimental effects on landlocked economies which already face challenging constraints to connectivity. Due to the closed border with Turkey, Armenia has limited potential to develop favourable transit routes and to expand market access. This article presents a legal and political outline of the Turkish closure of the border. It examines the closure’s impact on the Turkish-Armenian presence in regional integration frameworks, and illustrates the limitations of Armenia’s available transit options.","PeriodicalId":37506,"journal":{"name":"Caucasus Survey","volume":"9 1","pages":"192 - 208"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2021-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23761199.2021.1922866","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Landlocked with closed borders: Armenia’s problem of access to the sea\",\"authors\":\"T. Zakaryan\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/23761199.2021.1922866\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACT Closed borders have enormously detrimental effects on landlocked economies which already face challenging constraints to connectivity. Due to the closed border with Turkey, Armenia has limited potential to develop favourable transit routes and to expand market access. This article presents a legal and political outline of the Turkish closure of the border. It examines the closure’s impact on the Turkish-Armenian presence in regional integration frameworks, and illustrates the limitations of Armenia’s available transit options.\",\"PeriodicalId\":37506,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Caucasus Survey\",\"volume\":\"9 1\",\"pages\":\"192 - 208\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":0.5000,\"publicationDate\":\"2021-05-04\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23761199.2021.1922866\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Caucasus Survey\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/23761199.2021.1922866\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"AREA STUDIES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Caucasus Survey","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23761199.2021.1922866","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"AREA STUDIES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Landlocked with closed borders: Armenia’s problem of access to the sea
ABSTRACT Closed borders have enormously detrimental effects on landlocked economies which already face challenging constraints to connectivity. Due to the closed border with Turkey, Armenia has limited potential to develop favourable transit routes and to expand market access. This article presents a legal and political outline of the Turkish closure of the border. It examines the closure’s impact on the Turkish-Armenian presence in regional integration frameworks, and illustrates the limitations of Armenia’s available transit options.
期刊介绍:
Caucasus Survey is a new peer-reviewed, multidisciplinary and independent journal, concerned with the study of the Caucasus – the independent republics of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, de facto entities in the area and the North Caucasian republics and regions of the Russian Federation. Also covered are issues relating to the Republic of Kalmykia, Crimea, the Cossacks, Nogays, and Caucasian diasporas. Caucasus Survey aims to advance an area studies tradition in the humanities and social sciences about and from the Caucasus, connecting this tradition with core disciplinary concerns in the fields of history, political science, sociology, anthropology, cultural and religious studies, economics, political geography and demography, security, war and peace studies, and social psychology. Research enhancing understanding of the region’s conflicts and relations between the Russian Federation and the Caucasus, internationally and domestically with regard to the North Caucasus, features high in our concerns.