公地的状态:平民、民粹主义者和社区

IF 1.5 Q2 COMMUNICATION
N. Dyer-Witheford
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在反对21世纪资本主义的运动中,“公地”一直是一个至关重要的概念,在传播领域更是如此,它支撑着对数字网络商品化的批评。然而,反资本主义运动在千禧年之交所阐述的关于公地的理念,如今却显示出枯竭和瓦解的迹象。原因之一是他们未能充分认识到现代国家的力量及其作为当代资本主义组织中心的作用。本文从最近点对点计算理论家米歇尔·鲍文斯和何塞·拉莫斯与政治经济学家格雷厄姆·默多克就这一主题的交流开始,回顾了当代“公共主义”孕育的另类全球主义运动,以及为什么这种分析经常回避国家问题。通过考察国家权力与另类全球主义的崩溃以及平台资本主义的兴起有多深的关系,可以看出这一立场的不足,平台资本主义在数字公共领域的许多实验都被挪用了。本文回顾了b谷歌、Facebook、Twitter和其他平台资本家创造的数字伪公地在占领运动的直接成功和长期失败,以及随后新法西斯主义和右翼民粹主义的兴起中所起的作用。然后,本文讨论了在这些挫折之后,左翼民粹主义和社区骚乱的竞争模式如何变异或否定了早期的公地概念。文章最后回顾了共产主义者、民粹主义者和社区主义者之间关系的积极和消极的可能性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The state of the commons: commoners, populists, and communards
ABSTRACT “Commons” has been a concept crucial to movements opposing twenty-first century capitalism, and nowhere more so than in the field of communication, where it has underpinned critique of the commodification of digital networks. Yet the ideas about commons articulated at the turn of the millennium by anti-capitalist movements today show signs of exhaustion and disintegration. One reason is their failure to adequately reckon with the power of the modern state and its role as an organizational hub of contemporary capitalism. Starting with a recent exchange on this topic between peer-to-peer computing theorists Michel Bauwens and Jose Ramos and political economist Graham Murdock, this paper looks back at the alter-globalist movement in which contemporary “commonism” incubated and at why such analysis often circumvented the issue of the state. The shortfall in that position is demonstrated by an examination of how deeply state power was involved in the collapse of alter-globalism, and in the rise of the platform capitalism that appropriated many of its experiments in digital commoning. The role the digital pseudo-commons created by Google, Facebook, Twitter, and other platform capitalists played in both the immediate successes and longer-term failure of occupy movements, and in the subsequent rise of neofascism and right wing populism, is reviewed. The paper then discusses how, in the aftermath of these setbacks, contending models of left populism and communizing riots mutate or repudiate earlier notions of commons. It concludes by reviewing the possibilities, positive and negative, for the relation of commonists, populists, and communards.
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来源期刊
Popular Communication
Popular Communication COMMUNICATION-
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
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