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引用次数: 5
摘要
匈牙利国民经济在公共财政债务、预算政策效率低下和控制潜力薄弱的问题上苦苦挣扎,到本世纪头十年中期已陷入危机状态,到2007-2008年危机时进一步加深。从2010年起,与国际货币基金组织(IMF)和欧盟基于预算限制的传统危机管理方法不同,对预算进行了调整。2013年,同样没有使用传统危机管理工具的匈牙利央行(Hungarian central bank)加入进来,从而成为国家金融体系的制度性组成部分。央行可以在保持独立性的同时,帮助财政整顿和增长潜力。在法律的最高一级国家监管框架内,为财政和货币干预的非常规规则创造了条件,立法和体制保障确保这些规则得到遵守。
EXCERPTS ON NEW HUNGARIAN STATE FINANCES FROM LEGAL, ECONOMIC AND INTERNATIONAL ASPECT
The Hungarian national economy, struggling with public finance debts, low efficiency in budgetary policy and a weak control potential, had reached a state of crisis by the middle of the 2000s, which deepened further by the time of the 2007-2008 crisis. From 2010 onwards, as opposed to the conventional crisis management method of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the European Union, which was based on budgetary restrictions, adjustments were made to the budget. In 2013, the Hungarian central bank, which did not use conventional crisis management instruments either, joined in, thus becoming an institutional part of the state financial system. It was confirmed that the central bank can help fiscal consolidation and growth potential while still being able to preserve its independence. Conditions were established for the – non-conventional – rules of both fiscal and monetary interventions within the highest level national regulatory framework of the law, compliance with which is ensured by legislative and institutional guarantees.