Myoma with Hypermenorrhea Treated with Ultrasound-Guided Microwave Ablation of the Inflowing Blood Vessels to the Uterine Myoma: A Case

Microwave endometrial ablation (MEA) is a minimally invasive treatment for uterine myoma with hypermenorrhea, which can replace conventional hysterectomy. However, cases requiring additional treatment because of postoperative recurrence are often encountered. MEA cauterizes the endometrium and is not recommended for patients who wish to preserve fertility. We present the cases of a patient with myoma-related hypermenorrhea who underwent microwave ablation of the inflowing blood vessels to the uterine myoma under transvaginal ultrasound guidance. A 43-year-old woman was diagnosed with chronic myeloid leukemia and treated with dasatinib 2 years ago. Worsening hypermenorrhea was observed after treatment initiation. Ultrasound and pelvic magnetic resonance imaging revealed a uterine myoma. Therefore, she underwent MEA under transvaginal ultrasound guidance. Visual analog scale evaluation demonstrated considerable improvement in hypermenorrhea and dysmenorrhea; the myoma size showed reduction. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged on the day after surgery. No postoperative complications were observed. This patient is currently undergoing infertility treatment. The microwave ablation of myoma under transvaginal ultrasound guidance can effectively and safely reduce the myoma size. These findings suggest that this method is a novel treatment option for patients with myoma-related hypermenorrhea who wish to preserve their fertility and have children.