不同刺激措施对运动型和非运动型学生动机和体质的影响

IF 0.8 Q4 HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM

Annals of Applied Sport Science Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI:10.52547/aassjournal.954

Martin Pacholek

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引用次数: 3

摘要

背景体育课体能测试的实施受学生动机的影响。因此，采用新的测试方法似乎有必要更准确地衡量学生的表现。目标。本研究对大学生应用体能测试组（无外部刺激WS）和外部刺激（言语鼓励VE、表现反馈和目标导向）后的体能表现进行了研究。方法。参与者（432，BMI 24.72±5.97，年龄19.1±2.1）被分为非体育活动（NAS）和体育活动学生（PAS）。他们用和WS进行了一系列体能测试。结果。结果表明，与尝试（WS）相比，NAS在性能反馈后提高了台式压力机的功率（21.3W，5.15%，P=0.021）。在10米短跑中，PAS在10米短跑测试中（0.024s，1.24%，P=0.001）和30米短跑测试（0089s，1.86%，P=0.000）中，与WS（0.029s，1.5%，P=0.000。NAS和PAS的身高在VE后与WS相比也有所改善（分别为1.53cm，6.39%，P=0.000和1.24cm，4.85%，P=0.000），在COM后与WS比较（2.11cm，8.81%，P=0.000分别为1.83cm，7.16%，P=0.0000），在COM后与VE比较（0.58cm，2.28%，P=0.013和0.59cm，2.2%，P=0.002）。结论。这些发现表明，给予外部刺激比WS更有效地测试爆发力、加速度和速度，并且PAS在应用COM后在体能测试中取得了更好的改善，NAS主要在仅一次外部刺激后得到改善。

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The Effects of Various Stimuli on Motivation and Physical Fitness of Physically Active and Non-Active Students

Background. Execution of fitness testing in physical education classes is influenced by students’ motivation. Therefore, addressing new testing approaches seems necessary to more accurately measure student performance. Objectives. This study presents changes in fitness performance after applying a physical fitness tests battery (without external stimuli WS) and with external stimuli (verbal encouragement VE, performance feedback and goal-oriented) for university students. Methods. The participants (432, BMI 24.72 ± 5.97, age 19.1 ± 2.1) were divided into non-physically active (NAS) and physically active students (PAS). They underwent a battery of fitness tests with and WS. Results. The results showed that NAS improved power in bench press (21.3W, 5.15%, P = 0.021) after performance feedback compared to attempts (WS). In 10m sprint, PAS decreased the time after a combination of VE and goal-oriented stimuli (COM) compared to WS (0.029s, 1.5%, P = 0.000) and in the 30m sprint (0.079s, 1.65%, P = 0.006) and after COM compared to VE in the 10m sprint test (0.024s, 1.24%, P = 0.001) and in the 30m sprint (0,089s, 1.86%, P = 0.000). NAS decreased the time after COM compared to VE in the 30m sprint test (0.053s, 1.06%, P = 0.006). NAS and PAS also improved in height after VE compared to WS in the height jump test (1.53cm, 6.39%, P = 0.000 resp. 1.24cm, 4.85%, P = 0.000), after COM compared to WS (2.11cm, 8.81%, P = 0.000 resp. 1.83cm, 7.16%, P = 0.000) and after COM compared to VE (0.58cm, 2.28%, P=0.013 and 0.59cm, 2.2%, P = 0.002). Conclusion. These findings indicate that giving external stimuli is more effective for testing explosive strength, acceleration, and speed than WS and that PAS achieved better improvements in fitness tests after applying COM and NAS improved mainly after just one external stimulus.

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来源期刊

Annals of Applied Sport Science HOSPITALITY, LEISURE, SPORT & TOURISM-

CiteScore

1.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： The editorial policy of The Annals of Applied Sport Science (Ann. Appl. Sport Sci.) follows the multi-disciplinary purposes of the sports science to promote the highest standards of scientific study referring to the following fields: • Sport Physiology and its related branches, • Sport Management and its related branches, • Kinesiology and Sport medicine and its related branches, • Sport Psychology and its related branches, • Motor Control and its related branches, • Sport Biomechanics and its related branches, • Sociology of Sport and its related branches, • History of Sport and its related branches, • Exercise, Training, Physical Activity and Health, • Physical Education and Learning. The emphasis of the journal is on the human sciences, broadly defined, and applied to sport and exercise that is defined inclusively to refer to all forms of human movement that aim to maintain or improve physical and mental well-being, create or improve social relationships, or obtain results in competition at all levels. The animal projects also can be evaluated with the decision of Editorial Boards.