The clinical research progress of neck muscle tensity detection methods and evaluation index

Cervical muscle group has complex anatomical and physiological characteristics, which plays an important role in maintaining cervical stability and participating in cervical activity. Long-term bow of the head will cause irreversible injury to the neck muscle. The clinical manifestations are stiffness of the neck, and increased muscle tension. In severe cases, muscle spasms are like stripes. The pain caused by it for more than 3 months is called chronic neck pain(CNP). With the increasing incidence of chronic neck pain in the population, the related case reports and clinical studies are also increasing. At present, it is generally believed that persistent non-autonomous hypertension of neck muscle is the primary pathological mechanism of chronic neck pain. For the objective, quantitative analysis and evaluation of neck muscle tension is helpful to predict the occurrence of chronic neck pain, explain its pathogenesis and formulate treatment measures, which has gradually become the main development trend in this field. In recent years, with the development of auxiliary medicine, evaluation methods have changed with each passing day, which provides a variety of options for clinical research. In this paper, several mainstream detection methods of cervical muscle tension are summarized, and the shear wave elastography technology, surface electromyography, magnetic resonance imaging and diffusion tensor imaging are introduced respectively. Their development history, and the working principle of each technology aredescribed in detail. By reviewing the classical clinical research cases at domestic and abroad, the research status of each technology in the field of cervical muscle detection is deeply analyzed. The development trend, potential advantages and limitations of Yang's modulus, integrated electromyography, root mean square value, mean power frequency, median frequency, cross sectional area and apparent diffusion coefficient were evaluated. The purpose of this paper is to summarize experience, guide clinic, deepen the understanding of microcosmic pathogenesis of chronic neck pain, provide theoretical basis for exploring new detection methods, provide omni-directional, multi-level and three-dimensional new clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies for related fields, and provide new methods and ideas for the follow-up study of chronic neck pain.