汉语患者-主体结构的形态句法分析

Q3 Arts and Humanities
Changsong Wang, Ming-Ming Zheng
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要汉语患者主体结构(PSC)的确切性质和来源在文献中仍存在争议。基于汉语PSC中方式状语修饰的限制和zenme‘how’不存在的方式阅读,本文对其进行了形态句法分析。我们认为PSC中的似动作动词V不是一个真正的主动词,而是一个通过外部形态合并引入句法后派生的动词词根。PSC在语法上真正的主动词是一个隐轻动词∅BEC,它选择一个名词短语(NP)作为其说明符(Spec),选择一个结果短语(RP)作为其补语。BECP是由方面(Asp)头le进一步选择的。为了满足扩展投影原理(EPP),语法上[Spec,BECP]处的NP移动到[Spec、TP]。句法之后,结果(R)头在语音形式(PF)上移动到∅BEC,以满足∅BEC的语音要求,形成R-∅BECs;然后,在PF处,一个裸露的词根与R-∅BEC合并,表示状态变化的方式。由于le的语音要求,V-R-∅BEC头向le移动,产生了正确的PSC顺序。PSC的两种消隐形式可以类似地导出。本研究表明,隐光动词和形态可能在汉语某些“典型”结构的派生过程中起着相互作用。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
A Morphosyntactic Analysis of Patient-Subject Constructions in Chinese
Abstract The exact nature and derivation of patient-subject constructions (PSC) in Chinese are still at dispute in literature. Based on the restriction of manner adverbial modification and the nonexistence of the manner reading of zenme ‘how’ observed in Chinese PSC, a morphosyntactic analysis has been provided. We argue that the seeming action verb V in PSC is not a real main verb, but a verbal root to be introduced into the derivation after syntax via external morphological merger. The real main verb of PSC in syntax is a covert light verb ∅BEC, which selects a nominal phrase (NP) as its specifier (Spec) and a resultative phrase (RP) as its complement. BECP is further selected by an aspect (Asp) head le. To satisfy the extended projection principle (EPP), the NP at [Spec, BECP] moves to the [Spec, TP] in syntax. After syntax, the resultative (R) head-moves to ∅BEC at the phonological form (PF) to satisfy the phonological requirement of ∅BEC, forming R-∅BEC; then, a bare verbal root merges with R-∅BEC at PF to denote the manner of the change of state. Due to the phonological requirement of le, V-R-∅BEC head-moves to le, producing the right order of PSC. The two elided forms of PSC can be derived similarly. This research suggests that covert light verbs and morphology may play an interactive role in the derivation of some “typical” constructions in Chinese.
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来源期刊
Studies in Chinese Linguistics
Studies in Chinese Linguistics Arts and Humanities-Language and Linguistics
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
3
审稿时长
46 weeks
期刊介绍: STUDIES IN CHINESE LINGUISTICS is an international academic journal devoted to comparative study of Chinese language and linguistics and a platform for research of comparative linguistics and dialectal grammar under a comparative approach. We especially welcome synchronic or diachronic comparative works on any aspects of the syntax, semantics, and morphology among Chinese dialects or between a Chinese language/dialect and any languages that contribute to theoretical linguistics or have significant theoretical implications. The journal does not have article processing charges (APCs) nor article submission charges.
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