Assessment of the salivary level of superoxide dismutase and melatonin in localized periodontitis versus generalized periodontitis

Background : Periodontitis is caused by a microbial invasion and an inappropriate immunological reaction of the host One of the mechanisms in the etiopathogenesis of periodontitis is alterations in the local and/or general markers of oxidative stress. In order to defend themselves from the action of oxygen-free radicals, Organisms that use oxygen in their cellular metabolism are supplied with defense systems. The term "the system's antioxidative barrier" is frequently used to describe them. superoxide dismutase (SOD) is one of the enzymatic antioxidants that preserves the cell against reactive oxygen species by removing superoxide radicals and hydrogen peroxide, Melatonin is natural hormone in the body with antioxidant effects. Aims: T he aim of this study is to evaluate the salivary levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Melatonin in patients with localized periodontitis versus generalized periodontitis. Patients and Methods: Whole saliva samples were collected from 90 patients that divide into three groups: 35 generlized periodontitis , 35 localized periodontitis ,and 20 healthy subjects, Salivary samples were collected from patients prior to clinical examination, Then levels of (SOD) and melatonin in saliva were determined spectrophotometrically using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results : salivary levels of both SOD and MLT were highest in control group and decreased in Localized periodontitis and generalized periodontitis with lowest level in generalized periodontitis with significant differences between groups. Conclusion: Both localized and generlized periodontitis are associated with a decrease level of antioxidants