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引用次数: 1
摘要
当唐纳德·w·温尼科特(Donald W. Winnicott)构思他的精神分析概念和理论时,最初是为了解决与母亲和孩子之间关系有关的问题,这位英国儿科医生意识到,这些概念和理论对理解文化问题也有意义。当把文学作为一种文化形式来处理时,一个关键问题是,文学中自我的表现在多大程度上是真实的还是虚假的。温尼科特的过渡性物品理论——用来提供心理安慰的物品——在试图回答这些问题时可以作为一个重要的关键工具。本文首先探讨了温尼科特的过渡对象和现象理论及其相关概念在文学批评中的接受。它进一步表明,当文学传播或涉及国际移民时,它尤其相关。最后但并非最不重要的是,考虑到当代关于文化定位的理论,它为文学批评领域提出了几个可能的局限性。
Donald W. Winnicott’s Theory, Literature, and Migration
When Donald W. Winnicott conceived his psychoanalytical concepts and theories, initially meant to address problems associated with the relationship between a mother and her child, the British paediatrician was aware they could be meaningful for understanding cultural issues too. One of the key questions when dealing with literature as a form of culture is to what extent the representation of the self in it is true or false. Winnicott’s theory of transitional objects – items used to provide psychological comfort – can operate as a significant critical tool when trying to answer such questions. This paper firstly explores the reception of Winnicott’s theory of transitional objects and phenomena and other associated concepts in literary criticism. It moves further to demonstrate it is especially relevant when literature travels or deals with international migration. Last but not least, it presents several possible limitations for the field of literary criticism, taking into consideration contemporary theories about the location of culture.