Effectiveness the Theory-Based Intervention Based on Health Belief Model on Health Promotion Lifestyle in Individuals Susceptible to Cardiovascular Diseases

Background and Objec ti ve: Cardiovascular diseases are a main reason of disability and death around the world. Evidence suggests that many social and individual-based health-related factors are changeable and modi fi able. The aim of this study was to evaluate the e ff ect of a theory-based interven ti on based on the health belief model on health-promo ti ng lifestyle behaviors in individuals suscep ti ble to cardiovascular diseases. Materials and Methods: In this quasi-experiment, we recruited 180 individuals having at least two risk factors out of fi ve cardiovascular risk factors, including smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high cholesterol, and obesity. Data were gathered in three phases (before, immediately a ft er, and fi ve months a ft er implemen ti ng the interven ti on) using the health-promo ti ng lifestyle ques ti onnaire (HPLQ), general health ques ti onnaire (GHQ), and a designed ques ti onnaire to measure the health belief model constructs. The interven ti on included fi ve training sessions based on the health belief model. Data were analyzed using the sta ti s ti cal tests in the SPSS. Results: Findings showed that the theory-based educa ti onal interven ti on was e ff ec ti ve in improving some domains of lifestyle, including nutri ti on, physical ac ti vity, interpersonal rela ti onships, stress management and health accountability. Also, the mean blood pressure and the mean tobacco use showed a signi fi cant decrease in the interven ti on group a ft er the interven ti on. Educa ti onal interven ti on also led to improvements in health belief model constructs including perceived suscep ti bility, perceived severity and perceived bene fi ts (P<0.001). Conclusion: Interven ti on based on an individual-based health behavior change model resulted in improving some lifestyle dimensions, model’s constructs and clinical outcomes. In order to provide wider and sustained changes, using ecologic models of behavior change including inter-personal, organiza ti onal and community-based models are suggested.