The relationship between maternal serum apelin-36 level and anthropometric indices up to 18 months after birth; A cohort Study

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Apelin plays an important role in regulating energy intake and homeostasis. This study aims to investigate the relationship between maternal serum apelin-36 and infants’ anthropometric markers up to 18 months after birth.MATERIAL & METHODS: In this cohort study, 166 pregnant women aged 18-40 years old third trimester period referred to the Prenatal Clinic, participated in this study. The women were divided into two groups: an elective cesarean section group (as an exposure; n = 23), and a vaginal delivery group (as a non-exposure; n = 22). Maternal serum Apelin-36 levels were measured during the third trimester period and after delivery using ELISA. Infants were followed for up to 18 months during the postpartum period.RESULTS: The serum level of Apelin-36 after delivery was significantly and positively correlated with the weight of infants at 12 months, and 18 months P<0.05. It was also correlated with the height of infants at 6 months P<0.05 and 18 months P<0.05. Additionally, Apelin-36 was significantly correlated with the head circumference at 12 months P < 0.05.CONCLUSIONS: The maternal serum Apelin-36 level showed a relationship with the infant’s anthropometric indicators and gender.