{"title":"儿童时期的移情和对可信宗教行为的暴露独立预测宗教信仰","authors":"Paweł Łowicki, M. Zajenkowski","doi":"10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Where do religious beliefs come from, and what predisposes people to believe in the supernatural remains an open question in the science of religion. Contemporary theories explaining religion typically focus on either evolved biological dispositions or social factors. In the current research, we were interested in how individual differences in emotional empathic concern and the social learning mechanism of being exposed to credible religious acts during childhood interplay to predict religiosity. The study conducted among Polish adults (N = 379) demonstrated that both empathy and childhood experience were positively related to every dimension of the centrality of religiosity. Moreover, it was observed that for all investigated dimensions (except for religious public practice), both empathy and religious social learning were significant and independent predictors. We also found no evidence that empathy moderates the relationship between childhood religious experience and general religiosity. Finally, we also conducted a relative importance analysis to determine the incremental validity of both factors in their prediction of religiosity. It was revealed that being exposed to credible religious acts explained substantially more variance in religiosity than empathy. Altogether, these findings suggest that there are at least two independent factors associated with the emergence of religious belief. One is an individual disposition to feel other-oriented emotions, while the other is a social factor of being exposed to credible religious models during one’s upbringing.","PeriodicalId":47234,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.7000,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486","citationCount":"17","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Empathy and Exposure to Credible Religious Acts during Childhood Independently Predict Religiosity\",\"authors\":\"Paweł Łowicki, M. Zajenkowski\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACT Where do religious beliefs come from, and what predisposes people to believe in the supernatural remains an open question in the science of religion. Contemporary theories explaining religion typically focus on either evolved biological dispositions or social factors. In the current research, we were interested in how individual differences in emotional empathic concern and the social learning mechanism of being exposed to credible religious acts during childhood interplay to predict religiosity. The study conducted among Polish adults (N = 379) demonstrated that both empathy and childhood experience were positively related to every dimension of the centrality of religiosity. Moreover, it was observed that for all investigated dimensions (except for religious public practice), both empathy and religious social learning were significant and independent predictors. We also found no evidence that empathy moderates the relationship between childhood religious experience and general religiosity. Finally, we also conducted a relative importance analysis to determine the incremental validity of both factors in their prediction of religiosity. It was revealed that being exposed to credible religious acts explained substantially more variance in religiosity than empathy. Altogether, these findings suggest that there are at least two independent factors associated with the emergence of religious belief. One is an individual disposition to feel other-oriented emotions, while the other is a social factor of being exposed to credible religious models during one’s upbringing.\",\"PeriodicalId\":47234,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.7000,\"publicationDate\":\"2020-04-02\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486\",\"citationCount\":\"17\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"102\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"哲学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"International Journal for the Psychology of Religion","FirstCategoryId":"102","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/10508619.2019.1672486","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Empathy and Exposure to Credible Religious Acts during Childhood Independently Predict Religiosity
ABSTRACT Where do religious beliefs come from, and what predisposes people to believe in the supernatural remains an open question in the science of religion. Contemporary theories explaining religion typically focus on either evolved biological dispositions or social factors. In the current research, we were interested in how individual differences in emotional empathic concern and the social learning mechanism of being exposed to credible religious acts during childhood interplay to predict religiosity. The study conducted among Polish adults (N = 379) demonstrated that both empathy and childhood experience were positively related to every dimension of the centrality of religiosity. Moreover, it was observed that for all investigated dimensions (except for religious public practice), both empathy and religious social learning were significant and independent predictors. We also found no evidence that empathy moderates the relationship between childhood religious experience and general religiosity. Finally, we also conducted a relative importance analysis to determine the incremental validity of both factors in their prediction of religiosity. It was revealed that being exposed to credible religious acts explained substantially more variance in religiosity than empathy. Altogether, these findings suggest that there are at least two independent factors associated with the emergence of religious belief. One is an individual disposition to feel other-oriented emotions, while the other is a social factor of being exposed to credible religious models during one’s upbringing.
期刊介绍:
The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion (IJPR) is devoted to psychological studies of religious processes and phenomena in all religious traditions. This journal provides a means for sustained discussion of psychologically relevant issues that can be examined empirically and concern religion in the most general sense. It presents articles covering a variety of important topics, such as the social psychology of religion, religious development, conversion, religious experience, religion and social attitudes and behavior, religion and mental health, and psychoanalytic and other theoretical interpretations of religion. The journal publishes research reports, brief research reports, commentaries on relevant topical issues, book reviews, and statements addressing articles published in previous issues. The journal may also include a major essay and commentaries, perspective papers of the theory, and articles on the psychology of religion in a specific country.