2019冠状病毒病大流行背景下立陶宛旅游部门面临的挑战:国家援助工具和旅游业务支持的效率

IF 0.4 Q4 GEOGRAPHY
Gintarė Pociūtė-Sereikienė, Viktorija Baranauskienė, Darius Liutikas, E. Kriaučiūnas, D. Burneika
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引用次数: 2

摘要

2020年初,立陶宛和其他许多欧洲国家引入了隔离措施,并开始限制跨境流动。实施的限制措施极大地影响并导致了旅游业的停滞。受新冠肺炎疫情和旅行限制影响,国际游客人数大幅下降。2021年,由于发病率下降,大多数限制都得到了缓解,但并没有将旅游业恢复到以前的水平。据统计,2021年立陶宛的旅游流量仍在继续下降,尽管下降幅度较小。当地游客数量的增加(特别是在2021年)在一定程度上弥补了国际旅游的损失,但并没有改变它。旅游业仍在经历一段困难时期。本文强调了在2019冠状病毒病大流行背景下立陶宛本地和入境旅游业务的问题。立陶宛政府为减轻这一大流行病对旅游业的负面影响而提议的文书受到了最大的重视。该研究结合了二手和一手数据来源。二手数据用于分析立陶宛官方统计数据,以便介绍过去十年旅游部门发展的一般趋势。主要数据是通过焦点小组和调查(从立陶宛旅游商业企业收集数据集的调查表)的方法获得的。统计分析表明,旅游部门的所有领域都注意到困难的情况,然而,大流行病的主要输家是那些依赖国际游客的人。对官方文件进行分析的结果显示,在2020 ~ 2021年期间,政府提供的各种支援方案中,旅游业得到了实惠,但支援的数量和质量都不够,受到了强烈的批评。我们的调查结果指出了在旅游企业中最有效的工具。此外,从收集到的答案中,我们注意到,至少有一部分旅游企业利用这种支持不仅补偿了与大流行相关的费用,而且还展望并将获得的财政支持投资于旅游业务的创新解决方案,因此大流行也可能产生一些积极影响。此外,调查结果指出,在自然资源丰富的非大都市地区,与旅游相关的发展有相当大的机会,尽管目前这些活动往往处于市场关系之外,不能产生新的收入和就业机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Challenges of the tourism sector in Lithuania in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: State aid instruments and the efficiency of the tourism business support
At the beginning of 2020 Lithuania, and many other European countries, introduced quarantine and began restricting movement across the country’s borders. The imposed restrictive measures have greatly impacted and led to the stagnation of tourism sector. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic and travel restrictions, the number of international tourist arrivals sharply decreased. In 2021 the majority of restrictions have been eased due to the decreasing morbidity, but it did not reinstate the tourism into the previous level. According to statistics, the decline in tourist flows in Lithuania in 2021 still continued, albeit the decrease was smaller. The increase in the number of local tourists (especially in 2021) has somewhat compensated the loss of international tourism, but has not changed it. The tourism business is still going through a difficult period. This article emphasizes the issues of local and inbound tourism business in Lithuania in the context of Covid-19 pandemic. The greatest attention is placed on the instruments proposed by the Lithuanian Government to mitigate the negative consequences of the pandemic on tourism service. The research combines secondary and primary data sources. Secondary data was used for the analysis of official Lithuanian statistics in order to introduce general trends of the development of tourism sector during the last decade. Primary data was received using the methods of focus group and survey (a questionnaire to collect data sets from tourism business enterprises in Lithuania). The statistical analysis revealed that the difficult situation was noticed in all fields of tourism sector, however, the main losers of the pandemic were those relying on the international tourist. The analysis of official documents disclosed, that even though the tourism business was able to benefit from the variety of offered governmental aid packages in 2020–2021, the quantity and quality of support was not enough and strongly criticized. Our survey results pointed out the instruments that were most effective among the tourism enterprises. Moreover, from the collected answers we noticed, that at least part of tourism enterprises took the opportunity to use the support not only for compensation of pandemic related costs but also to look forward and the received financial support invested in innovative solutions in the tourism business, so pandemic potentially had some positive effects as well. Also, the survey results reviled that there are considerable opportunities for tourism related development of the nature rich, non-metropolitan regions, though at the moment these activities quite often remain outside the market relations and do not produce new incomes and jobs.
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CiteScore
3.90
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16.70%
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